動詞的接續 Jessie Lin  P.1

 

英文的動詞後面的接續依不同動詞，後面所要接續的詞性也會有所不同。

一、 有些動詞後面可以加不定詞(to+V1)，也可以加動名詞(V-ing)，意思都不變。

如：start, begin, continue, love, like, hate, can’t stand, can’t bear, prefer

EX: I like to watch TV. = I like watching TV.

I prefer staying home to going to the movie.

I prefer to stay home than go to the movie.

二、 有些動詞後面只能接動名詞

如：enjoy, finish, quit, miss, feel like, avoid, admit, advise, appreciate, acknowledge, can’t help, consider, celebrate, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, endure, escape, explain, forgive, give up, keep, imagine, mind, postpone, practice, prevent, prohibit, propose, recall, recommend, regret, report, resent, resist, risk, suggest, support, tolerate, understand

EX: He quit smoking.

三、 有些動詞後面只可以接不定詞

如：ask, decide, want, need, hope, intend, learn, refuse, plan, wish, promise, afford, agree, appear, ask, attempt, can’t afford, can’t wait, choose, decide, deserve, expect, fail, grow, manage, need, offer, pay, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, remind, request, require, tell, urge, warn, wish, would like

EX: They decided to stay home.

四、 有些動詞後面加不定詞與加動名詞後的意義不同

如：remember, forget, stop

EX: I stopped to watch TV.  這一句是說我停下原本做的事去看電視。

I stopped watching TV.  這一句則是說我停下看電視這個動作。

She remembered to lock the door. 她記得去關門。（記得去做某件事）

She remembered locking the door.  她記得關了門。（記得做過某件事）

He forgot to mail the letter.  他忘記去寄信了。（忘記去做某件事）

He forgot mailing the letter.  他忘記做過寄信這個動作。（忘記做過某件事）

I tried to control my voice.  我試著控制我的聲音。（企圖做某件事）

Try logging off and logging on again. 試試看登出再登入。（嘗試，測試）

五、 感官動詞後面可以加動詞原型（V1）或動名詞（現在分詞）或過去分詞。

語意有點不同。接原型表示看到或聽到某動作從開始到結束，而接動名詞表示只看到或聽到某個時間點，接過去分詞表示受詞正被加諸某行為。

如：see, watch, listen, hear, feel, notice

EX: I saw him watching TV.

I saw him watch TV.

I saw him scolded by his mother.

動詞的接續 by Jessie Lin  P.2

六  使役動詞Causative Verbs是表示要求某人去做事，或讓某一件事被完成。

1. 使役動詞接原型動詞     S + CV + O + V1

make, let, have 這三個使役動詞後的受詞常為人，表達要求某人做某事時，

接原型動詞

Her mother made her stay home.

She had the doctor check her leg.

Her father does not let her go out at night.

2. 使役動詞接不定詞       S + CV + O + to + V1

除 make, let, have 之外的使役動詞如: get, want, permit, allow, order, 等後面

接了受詞（人）後要先接不定詞 to 再接動詞原型

I got Ben to mail the letter.

The girl wants her boyfriend to apologize.

I am not allowed to tell you the secret.

3. 使役動詞接過去分詞     S + CV + O + V3

have, get 或其他使役動詞後面接的受詞（多為事物，也可為人）表達了接受其後

的動作，也就是被動地完 成了某事時，受詞後接的是過去分詞V3 (past participle)

I had my car washed.

She got her hand burned.

We had our customers satisfied.

4. 使役動詞加動名詞      S + CV + O + V-ing

have, get 後面加結果，可能是預期的，也可能是不想要的結果，通常是主詞

無法控制時，後面加動名詞。

The baby had everyone in the room laughing.

Tom got the machine running.

5. make

I could not make myself understand.  我沒法瞭解。

I could not make myself understood.  我沒法讓自己被理解。

6. let 後面要接 be +V3 Let the work be done immediately.

七  授予動詞是一些特殊動詞，其後有兩個受詞。先接人（直接受詞）再接物（間

接受詞）時，不需介係詞。反過來先接物在接人就要在人前加介係詞。

加to的授予動詞有: bring, hand, give, lend, offer, pass, post, read, sell, send, show, sell, tell, teach, throw, write

EX: She sent a letter to her boyfriend. /She sent her boyfriend a letter.

加for的授予動詞有: buy, build, cook, cut, do, draw, fetch, find, get, keep, leave, make, order, pick, save

EX: My mom cooks dinner for me. / My mom cooks me dinner.

動詞的接續 by Jessie Lin  P.3

八  連綴動詞是一些特殊動詞，如be，感官動詞與一些表達變化或狀態沒有變化的動詞。

其後面接形容詞或名詞

如：be, seem, appear, feel, look, smell, taste, sound, become, get, turn, grow, come, keep, stay, remain

EX: Dreams come true.  We became friends.  Please keep quiet.

九  Subjunctive Noun Clauses

在某些特定的獨立子句中的動詞與形容詞是用來表達緊急urgency，勸告

advisability，必須necessity，與慾望desirability時，其後的that名詞子句中的動

詞必須用動詞原型。表達否定則在動詞前面加not。

動詞：advise, ask, command, demand, direct, insist, move, order, prefer,

propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, urge,等。

形容詞：advisable, better, desirable, essential, imperative, important,

mandatory, necessary, urgent, vital, 等。

The company president urged that the market department be more aggressive.

She insisted that the company not lose any customers to its competitors.

It’s necessary that each salesperson work long hours.

It was recommended that the department not hire new staff at this time.

From Writing Academic English Longman