A Greetings & Saying Goodbye 打招呼與說再見
Greetings 打招呼:
1 Hi. 嗨!
2 Hello. 哈囉! Hey! 嘿!
3 A: Nice to meet you. B: Nice to meet you, too. (只用在第一次見面) 很高興認識你。
A: Good to see you agin. 很高興再一次見到你。 (第二次見面…)
4 A: How are you? / How are you doing? 你好嗎?
How’s it going? How are things? How’s everything? 生活過得如何?最近怎麼樣?
B: Fine. /Good. / Pretty good. / Not bad. 很好,不錯。
OK, thanks. And you? 很好,你呢? How about you?
5 Good morning. 早安!
6 Good afternoon. 午安!
7 Good evening. 晚安!
Saying Goodbye: 說再見
1 A: Goodbye! 再見!
B: Bye! See you later. 再見。待會見。
See you Saturday! 星期六見!
See you when I see you. 有緣再見。
2 A: Good night. 晚安 B: Sleep well. 好眠。 Sleep tight. 好睡。
Sleep tight don’t let the bedbugs bite. 祝你好眠!
3 A: See you next week. 下星期見。
B: See you. 到時見。
4 A: Have a good weekend. 祝你週末愉快!
Have a good night! 祝你晚上愉快! Have a nice day! 祝你今天愉快!
B: Thanks. You, too. 謝謝。你也是。
B The English Alphabet 英文字母
I have a reservation. 我有訂房。
May I have your last name, please? 可以跟我講你的姓嗎?
How do you spell it? 怎麼拼?
Could you spell your last name, please? 你可以不可以拼你的姓?
Aa [e] Bb [bi] Cc [si] Dd [di] Ee [i] Ff [ɛf] Gg [dʒi] Hh [etʃ] Ii [aɪ] Jj [dʒe]
Kk [ke] Ll [ɛl] Mm [ɛm] Nn [ɛn] Oo [o] Pp [pi] Qq [kju] Rr [ɑr] Ss [ɛs] Tt [ti]
Uu [ju] Vv [vi] Ww [ˋdʌblju] Xx [ɛks] Yy [waɪ] Zz [zi]
注意事項:
1 J不唸”ㄐㄧㄝ” Jay
2 L不唸“ㄟ柔“,最後沒有”ㄡ” 的音
3 M唸完最後嘴巴要閉起來
4 唸N這個字母不可以閉嘴巴,而且不唸ㄣ
5 R這個字母要捲舌
6 V這個字母上齒要碰下唇
7 W其實就是兩個U合起來,也就是double u,[ˋdʌbl u]
8 X這個字母有[k]的音,沒唸到[k] 就變成跟字母S是一樣的音
9 Z這個字母不念 ㄌㄧˋ,發音的訣竅是先唸[s]的音,再轉成有聲的[z],再加上[i]。
就像[p] 是無聲,念成有聲就變成[b]了。唇形不要改,只要把無聲改成有聲。
p-b, t-d, k-g, s-z
How do you spell your last name? It’s L-I-N. 怎麼拼你的姓?
How do you spell your first name? It’s J-E-S-S-I-E. 怎麼拼你的名字?
C Personal Information 個人資料
1 What’s your last name? 你姓什麼?
My last name is Chen. 我姓陳。
How do you spell it? It’s C-H-E-N. 怎麼拼。
first name 名字 middle name 中間名字 last name 姓
George W. Washington
2 Where do you live? 你住哪裡?
I live in Chungho. 我住中和。
3 How do you get here? 你怎麼來的?
I get here by MRT. 我搭捷運來的。
by bus 搭公車, by train 搭火車, on foot, by foot 走路
4 What do you do? (What do you for a living?) 你的工作是什麼?
I am an engineer. 我是工程師。 an accountant 會計, an assistant 助理
5 What do you do in your free time? 你有空的時候做什麼事?
I surf the Net. 我上網。 I shop/go shopping. 我逛街。
6 Why do you study English? 為什麼你要學英文?
I want to find a better job. 我要找個好工作。
D Classroom Language 上課用語
1 You go first. / I go first. 你先。我先。 After you. 你先請。
2 Your turn. / My turn. 該你了。該我了。
Whose turn? 該誰了?
3 Pardon? / Can you say it again? 可以再說一次嗎?
4 Wait a moment. Wait a minute. 等一下。
5 Excuse me ( for a moment. ) 失陪一下。
May I go to the bathroom? 我可以去一下洗手間嗎?
Sure. Go ahead. 沒問題。請。
Excuse me. I have to use the rest room. 我必須要去上洗手間。
6 Can you speak more slowly? 可以說慢一點嗎?
7 What does this mean? 這是什麼意思?
8 How do you say this word? 這個字怎麼念?
9 How do you spell that? 這個字怎麼拼?
10 Whose book is this? 這是誰的書?
Whose handouts are these? 這些講義是誰的?
how to spell (X)
防噪耳機,電競耳機 online games QC 25, QC 35 Bose 13,500
E Present Simple 現在簡單式
英文有十二個時態。在學每一個時態時要記住四點:使用時機、句型、動詞變化以及
搭配的副詞。最重要是理解跟多做練習,才能靈活運用、得心應手
一 現在簡單式的使用時機
1 英文用現在簡單式用來表達重複進行的活動、習慣、嗜好。
I get up at 8 every morning.
I surf the Net in my free time.
2 現在簡單式也用來表達事實、真理。
Honesty is the best policy. 誠實為上策。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 日出於東落於西。
二 現在簡單式的句型
(ㄧ)一般動詞的句型為S + V1 (V1指的是動詞的原形) (第三人稱單數動詞後要加s)
1 肯定句 S + V1
I cook dinner five days a week. 我一星期做晚餐五次。
you /we/ they
My mother cooks diner for me. 我媽幫我做晚餐。
he/she/it
2 否定與問句需要有do或does這兩個助動詞來幫忙。在助動詞後面加not
否定句 S + do/does not + V1
They do not/ don’t eat out very often. 他們不常外食。
He does not /doesn’t like Japanese food. 他不喜歡日本菜。
3 Yes/No 問句 把助動詞放在主詞前面造問句
Do/Does + S + V1
Do you live with your parents? 你跟你雙親著嗎?
Does Tom speak English? 湯姆說英文?
4 WH問句則將疑問詞放在最前面再依序放助動詞、主詞、動詞,其他的部份
5 W : what, where, when, why, who, which, what kind of music
H: how/how much/how often/how long/how far
WH do/does + S + V1
What time do you finish work? 你幾點下班?
Where does Linda go to school? 琳達上哪裡的學校?
How does your father like his job? 你父親如何喜歡他的工作?
When do your parents go on vacation? 你的雙親何時去度假?
When is your birthday? 你的生日是什麼時候?
How do you celebrate your birthday? 你如何慶祝你的生日?
當疑問詞what或who當主詞時,則不需要助動詞,而且動詞應用第三人稱單數。
What makes your happy?
Who cooks dinner for you?
三 現在簡單式的副詞如:every day 每天一次, once a week 一星期一次, twice a month 一個月兩次, three times a year 一年三次, always 總是, usually 經常, often 常常,sometimes 有時候, , hardly ever 幾乎不, never 從來沒有…等。
四 現在簡單式拼字與發音規則
英文在表達現在簡單式時,當主詞為第三人稱單數(任何可以用he、she、it代替的名詞)時,動詞後面要加s。加s的拼字與發音規則如下。
a 拼字規則
1 大部分的動詞在字尾加s。
talk-talks, learn-learns, read-reads, get-gets
2 當動詞字尾是sh, ch, ss, x, z時,則加es。
wash-washes, watch-watches, kiss-kisses, fix-fixes, buzz-buzzes
3 當動詞字尾為子音加y時,需將y去掉,加ies。
study-studies, cry-cries, fly-flies, try-tries
4 當動詞字尾為母音加y時,則只要加s,即可。
say-says, play-plays, pray-prays, pay-pays
5 有幾個特別的變化需記住。
have-has, do-does, go-goes
b 發音規則
1 當動詞字尾是無聲子音如/f/, /k/, /p/, /t/, 時,加s後,應讀做/s/。
laugh-laughs, cook-cooks, stop-stops, meet-meets
2 當動詞字尾是有聲子音如/d/, /n/, /l/, /v/ 等或母音時加s後應讀做/z/。
read-reads, learn-learns, sell-sells, live-lives, know-knows, see-sees
3 當動詞字尾為/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, / dʒ /時,加s後,應讀做/ɪz/時。要注意的是,發音時看的是最後一個音,而非最後一個字母,如dance就是這一類。
miss-misses, buzz-buzzes, wish-wishes, match-matches, judge-judges,
英文字母的母音(vowels)為a, e, i, o, u,其餘為子音(consonants)。
無聲子音(voiceless consonants):/p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /ʃ/, / tʃ/, / θ /, /h/,
有聲子音(voiced consonants):/b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /z/, / ʒ /, / dʒ /, / ð/, /l/, /m/, /n/,
/r/, /w/, /j/, / ŋ/
母音:/ æ /, / ɛ /, / ɪ /, / a /, / ʌ /, / e /, / i /, / aɪ/, / o /, / u /, / ʊ /, / ɔ /, / ɔɪ/, / aʊ /, / ɝ /, / ɚ/, /ə /
1. save ______ 2. work ______ 3. notice ________ 4. try _______
5. teach _______ 6. start ______ 7. buy ________ 8. fix ________
9. have________ 10. finish________
/s/ 2 works 6 starts
/z/ 1 saves 4 tries 7 buys 9 has
/ ɪ z/ 3 notices 5 teaches 8 fixes 10 finishes
E Present Simple Exercise
1 Julie __________ (speak) Japanese well.
Julie speaks Japanese well.
2 Tom __________ (not drink) beer very often.
Tom doesn’t drink beer very often.
3 The earth __________ (go) around the sun.
The earth goes around the sun.
4 What time __________________________ (the banks / close) here?
What time do the banks close here?
5 Look at the sentence. What __________________ (the word / mean)?
Look at the sentence. What does the word mean?
6 My parents __________ (live) in a very small town.
My parents live in a very small town.
7 I have a TV, but I __________ (not watch) it much.
I have a TV, but I don’t watch it much.
8 It __________ me an hour to get to work.
How long __________ (it /take) you?
It takes me an hour to get to work?
How long does it take you?
F On a plane 在飛機上
crash 墜機 terrorist 恐怖份子
Asking for a drink 要求飲料
coffee 咖啡, tea 茶, orange juice 柳橙汁 OJ, apple juice 蘋果汁,
pineapple juice 鳳梨汁, grape juice 葡萄汁, coke 可樂, mineral water 礦泉水 bottled water, still 無氣泡, sparkling 有氣泡的, beer 啤酒, milk 牛奶, cream 奶精, sugar 糖, lemon 檸檬片, ice 冰塊
wine 葡萄酒, white wine or red wine 白酒或紅酒, sparkling wine 氣泡酒, champagne 香檳
A: Would you like a drink, ma’am? 女士,請問您要來杯飲料嗎? sir 先生
B: Yes, a beer, please. 好,請給我一罐啤酒。
A: Here you are. 給您。
B: Thanks. 謝謝。
A: Coffee? Tea? 咖啡?茶?
B: Tea, please. 請給我茶。
A: Lemon? 要檸檬嗎?
B: Yes, please. 好。
A: Sugar? 糖?
B: No, thanks. 不用,謝謝。
G Phonics A-Z (The Top 500 Spoken Words)
1. A-Z
a | / æ / | ask | after | happen | matter |
b | / b / | best | bit | business | probably |
c | / k / | class | music | actually | course |
d | / d / | dollar | end | mind | different |
e | / ɛ / | ever | else | myself | percent |
f | / f / | fun | if | before | stuff |
g | / g / | go | big | together | program |
h | / h / | home | help | half | hundred |
i | / ɪ / | it | with | until | something |
j | / dʒ / | job | just | enjoy | object |
k | / k / | kid | thank | kind | thinking |
l | / l / | love | well | almost | basically |
m | / m / | money | more | system | company |
n | / n / | number | turn | second | American |
o | / a / | mom | top | problem | somebody |
p | / p / | people | paper | group | supposed |
q | / kw / | question | quite | quickly | quiet |
r | / r / | run | rest | remember | married |
s | / s / | sorry | guess | answer | understand |
t | / t / | time | test | parent | interesting |
u | / ʌ / | up | fun | couple | husband |
v | / v / | very | have | everything | whatever |
w | / w / | we | want | were | wonderful |
x | / ks / | six | tax | next | exhibition |
y | / j / | yes | yet | year | young |
z | / z / | zero | zoo | quiz | size |