假設語氣條件子句簡單小說明

潔西把最難的假設語氣用最簡單的方式說明,哈哈,真的嗎?能夠理解的話就太好了。

最近愛上亂畫圖的潔西,其實一般文法書沒有人這樣畫的,不過潔西自己覺得條件子句難其實就難在什麼時候用,究竟是真的,假的,還有句型,不同的時態要用不同的句型,但是這邊的句型因為是假的,所以要往前推一個變成過去與過去完成,所以容易混淆。希望這樣有比較容易理解

 

 

0:  現在的習慣,真的,可能發生的,慣性的

if      past —x—x—x— now —x—x—x— future     if + S + V1

結果  past —x—x—x— now —x—x—x— future           S + V1

If + S + V1, S + V1

If the weather is fine, I go hiking.           I go hiking if the weather is fine.

If my mom goes out, the dog barks.        When my mom goes out, the dog barks.

 

1: 未來有可能會發生的事實,真的

if      past ———— now ——x—— future             if + S + V1

結果  past ———— now ——x—— future                   S + will + V1

If + S + V1, S + will + V2

If it rains tomorrow, the concert will be canceled.   副詞子句會用現在簡單式來代替未來

If I want to be on time, I will have to leave early.

I will have to leave early if I want to be on time.

 

2: 跟現在事實相反的假設,假的

if      past ———— now (x) ————— future             if + S + V2

結果  past ———— now (x) ————— future                   S + would + V1

If + S + V2, S + would + V1

If I were rich, I would buy a new house.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new house.

If I were a bird, I could fly.

If I lived in Taipei, I wouldn’t have to take the HSR (high speed railway) to the airport.

If I were you, I would tell the truth.

 

3: 跟過去事實相反的假設,假的

if      past —— (x) —— now ————— future             if + S + had + V3

結果  past —— (x) —— now ————— future                   S + would + have + V3

If + S + had + V3, S + would + have + V3

If I had remembered her birthday, she wouldn’t have been so angry.

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

If he had been more careful, he wouldn’t have lost his wallet.

If I hadn’t watched Korean dramas until late, I wouldn’t have been late this morning.

 

混合:if 子句是跟過去事實相反,結果子句是跟現在是相反,假的

if      past —— (x) ——  now ——————— future        if + S + had + V3

結果  past —————— now (x) ——————future              S + would + V1

If I had stayed in the U.S., I would speak English well now.

If he had attended the test, he would have a driver’s license now.

If I hadn’t eaten so much, I wouldn’t have a stomachache.

混合:if 子句是跟現在事實相反,結果子句是跟過去是相反,假的

if      past —————— now (x) —————— future        if + S + V2

結果  past —— (x) —— now ———————— future                S + would + have + V3

If she were a good student, she wouldn’t have skipped class.

If I finished my homework, I would have gone to the movies with my friends.

If I lived in Japan now, I would speak English well.

If I hadn’t slept so much, I would have recoded a few videos.

If didn’t cough a lot, my voice would sound much better.

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2 thoughts on “假設語氣條件子句簡單小說明

  1. 老外的时态,有时候似乎不按照常理(我们从语法书上学到的规则)出牌。比如说:A COMPLETE CONCORDANCE is another very useful Bible study tool. With a complete concordance you can find the location of any word in the Bible. You can find any verse of Scripture if you know just one word or one small part of the verse. For example, if you wanted to find the verse that talks about “a camel going through the eye of a needle”—you would look in the concordance for the word “camel” or “needle”—and at least part of the sentence in which it is found (along with the book, chapter, and verse)—would be listed for you. Crudens Complete Concordance is good for the average reader. 你看中间的那句话,明明不是虚拟语气,但也用了过去式。Jessie怎么看?

    • 我自己看起來是假設語氣,因為現在你並不是要找那一段,但是假如你要找的話,你就會去找 camel或 needle。他的句型跟語氣就我看起來都是假設語氣。這邊用第一條件句也可以,我自己覺得。英文的第一條件句跟第二條件句有時候差別會讓人混淆,有時候會有兩者都可的狀態。比方說 If I win the lottery, I will travel around the world. 跟 If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. 因為中樂透的機率其實非常小,所以兩個句子的差別不大。印象中有老師這麼說過。你的例子我覺得他先決條件是你已經知道在哪裡找那個章節,假如你不知道的話,所以用第二條件句。我自己的看法,也不敢說一定正確。供你參考:)

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