現在完成進行式

一 現在完成進行式的使用時機

1. 我們用現在完成進行式來表達某件事情或某個動作在過去開始，持續了一段時間到現在，這個狀況還沒結束，很可能會持續到未來。

I have been waiting here for thirty minutes.

They have been sitting in class since 8 o’clock.

 

2. 我們用現在完成進行事來表達某件事情或動作剛剛結束，現在沒有發生，但是可以看到一些動作的結果。

The kids have been playing here. Their toys are all over the room.

It’s been raining. The streets are still wet.

 

二、現在完成進行式的句型為：主詞＋have/has＋been＋現在分詞(V-ing)

肯定句S + have/has + been + V-ing

S   +  have/has  +  been  + V-ing

I      have been living here since I was born.

They   have been swimming.

She    has been working all day.

否定句在助動詞have/has後面加not

S  +  haven’t/hasn’t + been + V-ing

I      haven’t been studying.

You     haven’t been making any progress.

He      hasn’t been waiting.

 

Yes/No 問句把助動詞have/has放在主詞前面造問句

Have/Has + S + been + V-ing

Have      you  been running?

Have      they been touring the U.S.?

Has        he  been writing his essay?

 

WH問句則將疑問詞放在最前面再依序放助動詞have/has、主詞、動詞

WH            have/has    +   S    +   been + V-ing

How long         have          you       been waiting?

Who             has           she       been talking to?

How many people  have                     been standing in line?

 

三、現在完成進行式的副詞如：all day, all morning, today 等。也常跟介系詞for與since連用…等。