過去簡單式的 be 動詞用詞用法跟現在簡單式的 be 動詞用法類似,只是過去簡單式所表達的是在過去的狀態,時間,地點,年紀,名詞等用法。句型跟現在簡單式 be 動詞的差別只有在於 be 動詞的不同。
過去簡單式的 be 動詞是 was 跟 were。主詞 I, he, she, it 或任何可以用這幾個字代替的名詞都是用 was 。而主詞是 you, we, they 或任何可以用這些次代替的名詞則是用 were。肯定句的時候 was, were 不跟主詞縮寫。否定句的時候 was + not = wasn’t, were + not = weren’t
ㄧ 過去簡單式 be 動詞的用法
1 加名詞:He was a teacher, but now he is a salesman.
2 加形容詞: I was very angry yesterday.I was married. (配偶走了,離婚了)I’m married.
3 時間或地點:It was 11.30 p.m. when he called.He was at school this morning.
4 表達年紀:She was eighteen when she got married.
5 表示什麼地方有什麼東西:there was / there were
There was a One Piece exhibition at the Huashan 1914 Creative Park.
放上我最可愛的 Macbook Air 鏡子,在日本精品店買的,不便宜,好幾百台幣的樣子,可是他連電腦背後的中國製造等小字都印出來。一個人的錢花在哪裡其實蠻明顯的,不過我不會去買一隻三萬的 iPhone,哪天我中樂透再說,不過我是不會中的,因為我都不買,哈哈。從前我都不會覺得有錢有什麼好,年紀大了才比較體會到錢的好用之處。我擁有最貴的東西就通通在我桌上了。這樣不錯,都有在用,表示沒浪費,哈哈。看劇寫講義睡覺去。
大MacBook Air跟小 MacBook Air
have 與 have got 的用法
have 跟 have got 可以用來表達擁有,關係,外表個性,或身體感受等。
have got 現在簡單式中跟 have 有同樣的意思,但是比較口語,英式常用 have got 來代替 have
縮寫
have 跟 got 可以跟主詞 I, you, we, they 縮寫成 ‘ve got, has 跟 got 可以跟主詞 he, she, it 縮寫成 ’s got。肯定句的時候 I have a problem. 時,I 跟 have 不能縮寫。但是用 have got 時,I have got a problem. 可以用 I’ve got a problem.
1 Have 或 have got可以用來表達擁有
We have a house in Japan. / We’ve got a house in Japan.
Paul doesn’t have a car. / Paul hasn’t got a car.
Do you have any money? / Have you got any money?
2 講家庭
He has three brothers. / He’s got three brothers.
She doesn’t have any sisters. / She hasn’t got any sisters.
Does he have a son? / Has he got a son?
3 描述人的外表
She has blue eyes. / She’s got blue eyes
I don’t have long legs. / I haven’t got long legs.
Does your mother have long hair? / Has your mother got long hair?
4 描述身體感受
I have a headache. / I’ve got a headache.
She doesn’t have a toothache. / She hasn’t got a toothache.
不少學生問過潔西說,時態用錯了難不成他們就不懂了嗎?看狀況,有時候前後文可以讓人家理解,或是你的時間副詞可以表達。但是不總是這樣,時態錯了很容易造成誤解。我每次都用今天這個字來舉例。我今天買了新手機,中文很可以,已經買了。我今天要買新手機,也知道,還沒買。可是英文你如果說 I buy a new cell phone today.(X) 這是個錯誤的句子,但這也是很多人會說的句子,這裡的 buy 是現在簡單式,是表達事實習慣,重複性動作的時態。除非你說 I buy a new cell phone every year. 我每年買一支新手機。這樣就可以。但是今天的話,假如你買了,要用過去 I bought a new cell phone today. 假如你還沒買,是你的計畫,要用 I’m going to buy a new cell phone today.
Sam usually gets up around 7.00. After he turns off the alarm clock, he washes his face and brushes his teeth. He has toast and coffee for breakfast. Before he goes to work, he checks his phone. He rides a scooter to work. It takes 45 minutes. He arrives work at 8.20, and he starts work at 8.30. He usually has a meeting at 10.00. His lunch break is one and a half hours. He likes to go to the convenience store near his company. There are a lot of different kinds of food. He finishes work at 5.30, but sometimes he has to work overtime. He usually gets home around 6.30. He cooks dinner by himself. After dinner, he surfs the net, and watches some YouTube videos. He follows some streamers, and sometimes he donates money to them. Before he goes to bed, he takes a shower. He usually sleeps well, but sometimes he has nightmares(bad dreams).
六 翻譯下面的句子
1 我通常走路去上班。
2 他說五種語言。
3 他們住在德國。(Germany)
4 我媽媽每個月去我奶奶家兩次。(visit)
5 我家狗狗在我出門時他就叫。(bark)
6 父母總是擔心他們的小孩。
7 Tim 在大學教英文。
8 我學生的兒子一個星期踢一次足球。
9 Sally 吃東西前總是洗手。
10 我想要環遊世界。
答案
四、現在簡單式拼字與發音規則
1. save __saves/z/_____ 2. work _works/s/_____ 3. notice _notices/ɪz/ _______ 4. try _tries/z/______
Sam usually gets up around 7.00. After he turns off the alarm clock, he washes his face and brush his teeth. He often has toast and coffee for breakfast. Before he goes to work, he checks his phone. He rides a scooter to work. It takes 45 minutes. He arrives work at 8.20, and he starts work at 8.30. He usually has a meeting at 10.00. His lunch break is one and a half hours. He likes to go to the convenience store near his company. There are a lot of different kinds of food. He finishes work at 5.30, but sometimes he has to work overtime. He usually gets home around 6.30. He cooks dinner by himself. After dinner, he surfs the net, and watch some YouTube videos. He follows some streamers, and sometimes he donates money to them. Before he goes to bed, he takes a shower. He usually sleeps well, but sometimes he has nightmares(bad dreams).
I usually get up around 10 o’clock. After I turn off the alarm clock, I stay in bed for a few minutes. Then I wash my face and brush my teeth. I often have a bagel and coffee for breakfast. I check my cell phone when I have breakfast. I take the bus and MRT to work. I arrive at Starbucks at five o’clock, and I starts work at 6.30. I sometime have a sandwich at Starbucks. I seldom cook dinner. I get home around 10.00. If I’m hungry, I eat some snacks. I often watch Japanese dramas, American TV series, and some American Talk Shows. I take a shower before I go to bed. I sleep well most of the time. I almost never remember my dreams.
潔西真的很不能忍受哪種放任自己小孩子到處亂跑,打擾到別人,自己在刷手機或顧著跟朋友聊天。但是有的人不在意。潔西有自知之明,很多事都不喜歡,把它們叫做小麻煩好了。英文的話可以用 nuisance 可以翻做惱人,令人不快的人事物。The little girl was a nuisance. 那個小女孩真煩。或者忘記手機,真煩。I’ve forgotten my cell phone – what a nuisance.
小確幸看到有翻 a little happiness, joy, bliss 等,用英文字典查了一下,happiness 幸福,快樂,就是 the feeling of being happy 開心。我覺得小確幸用 happiness 就可以了,應該不用強調 a little 吧?joy 的話是 great happiness 非常的開心,bliss 是 perfect happiness 極樂,狂喜。英文的解釋來自劍橋字典。
潔西自己跟學生提到最近看到一部英劇 The Capture 真相捕捉,隨便找美劇看,就看到喜歡的類型很開心,這就是潔西的小確幸之一。今天部落格有人問問題,發現自己當初想的跟實際的好像不一樣分詞片語 participle phrase 跟 分詞構句 participle clause ,潔西用來參考寫的那一篇是把兩種混在一起但是叫 particple phrase ,後來查 British Council 裡面講到的類型,其實是的確是 particple phrase 的一種,而且稱作 clasue 子句根本不合理啊。但是文法是別國的東西,潔西也沒有權說什麼啦。不過呢,一早起來就開始找書,查資料,找文法書,網路上找資料,弄了一個半小時,分清楚之後覺得還蠻開心的。