潔西真的是被自己打敗，中午煮了酸辣湯飯，因為是一人份，懶得用湯匙舀，想說直接拿鍋子用倒得倒進大湯碗，然後動作太大？速度太快？湯整個甩出來，大概五分之一甩到地上去了，還好沒燙到自己，剛煮好的湯燙到可是不得了。打掃了很久，一邊想為什麼自己會這麼誇張呢？對了，打翻可以用 spill 這個字，Jessie spilled the soup because she was absent-minded. 潔西因為心不在焉所以打翻湯。

前兩天的說到的「短気は損気」， “Haste makes waste."，「欲速則不達」，「甲緊弄破碗」非常好的描述潔西啊。急性子的潔西真的常常打翻東西，走在家裡三不五時也會撞到牆壁，太急了？角度沒算對。唉，慢慢來。

奶油漲價好誇張喔，二十年前潔西第一次做餅乾蛋糕的時候，安佳奶油是45元，當時陽春麵大概二十元吧。剛剛看安佳奶油全聯賣185元，四倍耶，為什麼？昨天半夜突然超想吃自己做的比司吉，但是沒有泡打粉跟小蘇打粉，早上去買回來以為家裡還有奶油，結果不夠，嗚嗚，還是好想吃喔，出門買奶油去。話說，昨天看到家裡的麵粉居然過期半年，早上看小蘇打粉，更誇爭，過期一年，真的太久沒有烘焙了。是個肥滋滋的嗜好，但是香味非常療癒，非常時期，心理衛生也很重要，做比司吉去了。祝大家平安健康，有美好的一天。Have a good day!

動詞像變色龍一樣，在不同時態下，不同情態下，會配合時態或其他動詞作不同的變化。記清楚動詞的四個面貌跟用法對於學好英文有很大的幫助。

1 動詞原型(V1/V0) Base From

a 動詞的第一個形態，在字典中查到的原形：work, play, eat, drink

b 用在現在簡單式，但是現在簡單式的主詞為第三人稱單數名詞時，該動詞要加 s。

I usually take a shower in the morning, but my brother takes a shower before he goes to bed.

I work from 9 to 5.

She works from home.

I eat a sandwich for breakfast.

She eats two eggs for breakfast.

c 用在助動詞 do, did, can, could, will, would, may..等後面的原形 V0。

They didn’t go home until midnight.

I could swim when I was a kid.

I didn’t work this morning.

She can eat five bowls of rice.

d 用在不定詞 to 的後面。to + V0 叫做 infinitive，不定詞動詞。

Sam wanted to go to the party, but his parents didn’t allow him to go.

I want to work four days a week.

She wants to eat a big meal.

2 動詞過去式(V2) Simple Past

a 動詞的第二個形態，規則變化在動詞後面加 ed，不規則變化需要查字典，字典通常只會寫出不規則的變化：worked, played ate, drank

b 只用在過去簡單式。

He worked hard and played hard all his life.

I ate a hamburger and drank some coke for breakfast this morning.

I worked late last night.

She worked for ten hours yesterday.

I ate some cookies earlier.

She ate some fruit for lunch.

3 動詞過去分詞(V3) Past Participle

a 動詞的第三個形態，有時簡稱PP，規則變化在動詞後面加 ed，不規則變化需要查字典，字典通常只會寫出不規則的變化：worked, played, eaten, drunk

b 用在完成式，搭配 have/has/had 用在完成式。可能是現在完成，過去完成，未來完成式。

They have worked for this company since 2000.

I have never eaten Greek food.

c 用在被動，搭配 be 動詞一起表達被動。被動的要素 be+V3

His wallet was stolen.

Romeo and Juliet was written by William Shakespeare.

d 用來當形容詞

The confused students couldn’t answer the questions.

I was shocked by the news.

4 動詞現在分詞(V-ing) Present Participle: 

a 動詞的第四個形態是在動詞原形的後面加ing (V-ing)：working, playing, eating, drinking

b 用在進行式，跟不同時態的 be 動詞一起表達各種進行式

I have been working for 12 hours. I need a break.

They were eating dinner when I arrived.

c 用來當形容詞

A wok is a cooking utensil. 

I’m bored because the movie is so boring.

5 動名詞(V-ing) Gerund：

a 動名詞跟現在分詞長得一模一樣，都是在動詞原形後面加ing (V-ing)：working, playing, eating, drinking

b 動名詞顧名思義就是拿來當名詞用，所以動名詞就相當於是一個名詞，用法也跟名詞一樣可以當主詞，受詞，跟補語。

Working 12 hours a day is stressful.

My hobbies are cooking and swimming.

c 某些特定的動詞或是動詞片語後面只可以接動名詞

I enjoy cooking.

Keep on working!

翻譯練習

1 安靜。我正試著要放鬆。

2 她最喜歡的音樂是嘻哈。她總是聽它。

3 A: 你今天晚上要出去嗎？ B: 沒有。我還沒寫我的作業。

4 A: 你找到你的鑰匙了嗎？ B: 沒有，我到處都看過了，但是我還沒找到它。

5 我不懂，所以我問了一個問題。

6 A: 你在哪裡買那件洋裝了。 B: 我媽媽給我的。

7 每個人都在說話，突然間，燈熄了。

8 我哥哥總是笑我。他很煩人。

9 他昨天很無聊因為他沒事做。

10 我有個疲累的一天。

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翻譯練習 答案

1 安靜。我正試著要放鬆。

1 Be quiet. I’m trying to relax.

2 她最喜歡的音樂是嘻哈。她總是聽它。

2 Her favorite music is hip-hop. She listens to it all the time.

3 A: 你今天晚上要出去嗎？ B: 沒有。我還沒寫我的作業。

3 A: Are you going out tonight?  B: No. I haven’t done my homework.

4 A: 你找到你的鑰匙了嗎？ B: 沒有，我到處都看過了，但是我還沒找到它。

4 A: Have you found your key? B: No, I’ve looked everywhere, but I still haven’t found it.

5 我不懂，所以我問了一個問題。

5 I didn’t understand, so I asked a question.

6 A: 你在哪裡買那件洋裝了。 B: 我媽媽給我的。

6 A: Where did you buy that dress?  B: My mother gave it to me.

7 每個人都在說話，突然間，燈熄了。

7 Everyone was talking and suddenly the lights went out.

8 我哥哥總是笑我。他很煩人。

8 My brother always laughs at me. He’s very annoying.

9 他昨天很無聊因為他沒事做。

9 He was bored yesterday because he had nothing to do.

10 我有個疲累的一天。

10 I’ve had a tiring day.

動詞變化，動詞三態，某些動詞不會有進行式

原型	過去式	過去分詞	現在分詞V-ing
V1	V2	V3	V-ing
1. be 是	was/were	been	being
2. buy 買	bought	bought	buying
3. come 來	came	come	coming
4. do 做	did	done	doing
5. drink 喝	drank	drunk	drinking
6. drive 開車	drove	driven	driving
7. eat 吃	ate	eaten	eating
8. find 找	found	found	finding
9. fly 飛	flew	flown	flying
10. forget忘記	forgot	forgotten	forgetting
11. get 拿	got	gotten	getting
12. give 給	gave	given	giving
13. go 去	went	gone	going
14. have 有	had	had	having
15. know 知道	knew	known	knowing
16. leave 離開	left	left	leaving
17. lose 輸，遺失	lost	lost	losing
18. make  做	made	made	making
19. meet 碰面	met	met	meeting
20. quit戒，辭職	quit	quit	quitting
21. read 閱讀	read	read	reading
22. ride 騎	rode	ridden	riding
23. run 跑	ran	run	running
24. see 看	saw	seen	seeing
25. sell 賣	sold	sold	selling
26. sing 唱歌	sang	sung	singing
27. sit 坐	sat	sat	sitting
28. sleep 睡	slept	slept	sleeping
29. speak 說	spoke	spoken	speaking
30. spend 花費	spent	spent	spending
31. swim 游泳	swam	swum	swimming
32. take 拿	took	taken	taking
33. think 想	thought	thought	thinking
34. wear 穿	wore	worn	wearing
35. win 贏	won	won	winning
36. write 寫	wrote	written	writing
37. begin 開始	began	begun	beginning
38. break 打破	broke	broken	breaking
39. build 建造	built	built	building
40. catch 捉	caught	caught	catching
41. choose 選擇	chose	chosen	choosing
42. cut 切	cut	cut	cutting
43. cost 花費	cost	cost
44. fall 掉下來	fell	fallen	falling
45. keep 保持	kept	kept	keeping
46. set 設定	set	set	setting
47. tell 告訴	told	told	telling
48. teach 教	taught	taught	teaching
49. understand 了解	understood	understood
50. wear 穿，戴	wore	worn	wearing