潔西真的是被自己打敗，中午煮了酸辣湯飯，因為是一人份，懶得用湯匙舀，想說直接拿鍋子用倒得倒進大湯碗，然後動作太大？速度太快？湯整個甩出來，大概五分之一甩到地上去了，還好沒燙到自己，剛煮好的湯燙到可是不得了。打掃了很久，一邊想為什麼自己會這麼誇張呢？對了，打翻可以用 spill 這個字，Jessie spilled the soup because she was absent-minded. 潔西因為心不在焉所以打翻湯。
前兩天的說到的「短気は損気」， “Haste makes waste."，「欲速則不達」，「甲緊弄破碗」非常好的描述潔西啊。急性子的潔西真的常常打翻東西，走在家裡三不五時也會撞到牆壁，太急了？角度沒算對。唉，慢慢來。
奶油漲價好誇張喔，二十年前潔西第一次做餅乾蛋糕的時候，安佳奶油是45元，當時陽春麵大概二十元吧。剛剛看安佳奶油全聯賣185元，四倍耶，為什麼？昨天半夜突然超想吃自己做的比司吉，但是沒有泡打粉跟小蘇打粉，早上去買回來以為家裡還有奶油，結果不夠，嗚嗚，還是好想吃喔，出門買奶油去。話說，昨天看到家裡的麵粉居然過期半年，早上看小蘇打粉，更誇爭，過期一年，真的太久沒有烘焙了。是個肥滋滋的嗜好，但是香味非常療癒，非常時期，心理衛生也很重要，做比司吉去了。祝大家平安健康，有美好的一天。Have a good day!
動詞像變色龍一樣，在不同時態下，不同情態下，會配合時態或其他動詞作不同的變化。記清楚動詞的四個面貌跟用法對於學好英文有很大的幫助。
1 動詞原型(V1/V0) Base From
a 動詞的第一個形態，在字典中查到的原形：work, play, eat, drink
b 用在現在簡單式，但是現在簡單式的主詞為第三人稱單數名詞時，該動詞要加 s。
I usually take a shower in the morning, but my brother takes a shower before he goes to bed.
I work from 9 to 5.
She works from home.
I eat a sandwich for breakfast.
She eats two eggs for breakfast.
c 用在助動詞 do, did, can, could, will, would, may..等後面的原形 V0。
They didn’t go home until midnight.
I could swim when I was a kid.
I didn’t work this morning.
She can eat five bowls of rice.
d 用在不定詞 to 的後面。to + V0 叫做 infinitive，不定詞動詞。
Sam wanted to go to the party, but his parents didn’t allow him to go.
I want to work four days a week.
She wants to eat a big meal.
2 動詞過去式(V2) Simple Past
a 動詞的第二個形態，規則變化在動詞後面加 ed，不規則變化需要查字典，字典通常只會寫出不規則的變化：worked, played ate, drank
b 只用在過去簡單式。
He worked hard and played hard all his life.
I ate a hamburger and drank some coke for breakfast this morning.
I worked late last night.
She worked for ten hours yesterday.
I ate some cookies earlier.
She ate some fruit for lunch.
3 動詞過去分詞(V3) Past Participle
a 動詞的第三個形態，有時簡稱PP，規則變化在動詞後面加 ed，不規則變化需要查字典，字典通常只會寫出不規則的變化：worked, played, eaten, drunk
b 用在完成式，搭配 have/has/had 用在完成式。可能是現在完成，過去完成，未來完成式。
They have worked for this company since 2000.
I have never eaten Greek food.
c 用在被動，搭配 be 動詞一起表達被動。被動的要素 be+V3
His wallet was stolen.
Romeo and Juliet was written by William Shakespeare.
d 用來當形容詞
The confused students couldn’t answer the questions.
I was shocked by the news.
4 動詞現在分詞(V-ing) Present Participle:
a 動詞的第四個形態是在動詞原形的後面加ing (V-ing)：working, playing, eating, drinking
b 用在進行式，跟不同時態的 be 動詞一起表達各種進行式
I have been working for 12 hours. I need a break.
They were eating dinner when I arrived.
c 用來當形容詞
A wok is a cooking utensil.
I’m bored because the movie is so boring.
5 動名詞(V-ing) Gerund：
a 動名詞跟現在分詞長得一模一樣，都是在動詞原形後面加ing (V-ing)：working, playing, eating, drinking
b 動名詞顧名思義就是拿來當名詞用，所以動名詞就相當於是一個名詞，用法也跟名詞一樣可以當主詞，受詞，跟補語。
Working 12 hours a day is stressful.
My hobbies are cooking and swimming.
c 某些特定的動詞或是動詞片語後面只可以接動名詞
I enjoy cooking.
Keep on working!
翻譯練習
1 安靜。我正試著要放鬆。
2 她最喜歡的音樂是嘻哈。她總是聽它。
3 A: 你今天晚上要出去嗎？ B: 沒有。我還沒寫我的作業。
4 A: 你找到你的鑰匙了嗎？ B: 沒有，我到處都看過了，但是我還沒找到它。
5 我不懂，所以我問了一個問題。
6 A: 你在哪裡買那件洋裝了。 B: 我媽媽給我的。
7 每個人都在說話，突然間，燈熄了。
8 我哥哥總是笑我。他很煩人。
9 他昨天很無聊因為他沒事做。
10 我有個疲累的一天。
.
.
.
.
.
翻譯練習 答案
1 安靜。我正試著要放鬆。
1 Be quiet. I’m trying to relax.
2 她最喜歡的音樂是嘻哈。她總是聽它。
2 Her favorite music is hip-hop. She listens to it all the time.
3 A: 你今天晚上要出去嗎？ B: 沒有。我還沒寫我的作業。
3 A: Are you going out tonight? B: No. I haven’t done my homework.
4 A: 你找到你的鑰匙了嗎？ B: 沒有，我到處都看過了，但是我還沒找到它。
4 A: Have you found your key? B: No, I’ve looked everywhere, but I still haven’t found it.
5 我不懂，所以我問了一個問題。
5 I didn’t understand, so I asked a question.
6 A: 你在哪裡買那件洋裝了。 B: 我媽媽給我的。
6 A: Where did you buy that dress? B: My mother gave it to me.
7 每個人都在說話，突然間，燈熄了。
7 Everyone was talking and suddenly the lights went out.
8 我哥哥總是笑我。他很煩人。
8 My brother always laughs at me. He’s very annoying.
9 他昨天很無聊因為他沒事做。
9 He was bored yesterday because he had nothing to do.
10 我有個疲累的一天。
10 I’ve had a tiring day.
動詞變化，動詞三態，某些動詞不會有進行式
|
原型 |
過去式 |
過去分詞 |
現在分詞V-ing |
|
V1 |
V2 |
V3 |
V-ing |
|
1. be 是 |
was/were |
been |
being |
|
2. buy 買 |
bought |
bought |
buying |
|
3. come 來 |
came |
come |
coming |
|
4. do 做 |
did |
done |
doing |
|
5. drink 喝 |
drank |
drunk |
drinking |
|
6. drive 開車 |
drove |
driven |
driving |
|
7. eat 吃 |
ate |
eaten |
eating |
|
8. find 找 |
found |
found |
finding |
|
9. fly 飛 |
flew |
flown |
flying |
|
10. forget忘記 |
forgot |
forgotten |
forgetting |
|
11. get 拿 |
got |
gotten |
getting |
|
12. give 給 |
gave |
given |
giving |
|
13. go 去 |
went |
gone |
going |
|
14. have 有 |
had |
had |
having |
|
15. know 知道 |
knew |
known |
knowing |
|
16. leave 離開 |
left |
left |
leaving |
|
17. lose 輸，遺失 |
lost |
lost |
losing |
|
18. make 做 |
made |
made |
making |
|
19. meet 碰面 |
met |
met |
meeting |
|
20. quit戒，辭職 |
quit |
quit |
quitting |
|
21. read 閱讀 |
read |
read |
reading |
|
22. ride 騎 |
rode |
ridden |
riding |
|
23. run 跑 |
ran |
run |
running |
|
24. see 看 |
saw |
seen |
seeing |
|
25. sell 賣 |
sold |
sold |
selling |
|
26. sing 唱歌 |
sang |
sung |
singing |
|
27. sit 坐 |
sat |
sat |
sitting |
|
28. sleep 睡 |
slept |
slept |
sleeping |
|
29. speak 說 |
spoke |
spoken |
speaking |
|
30. spend 花費 |
spent |
spent |
spending |
|
31. swim 游泳 |
swam |
swum |
swimming |
|
32. take 拿 |
took |
taken |
taking |
|
33. think 想 |
thought |
thought |
thinking |
|
34. wear 穿 |
wore |
worn |
wearing |
|
35. win 贏 |
won |
won |
winning |
|
36. write 寫 |
wrote |
written |
writing |
|
37. begin 開始 |
began |
begun |
beginning |
|
38. break 打破 |
broke |
broken |
breaking |
|
39. build 建造 |
built |
built |
building |
|
40. catch 捉 |
caught |
caught |
catching |
|
41. choose 選擇 |
chose |
chosen |
choosing |
|
42. cut 切 |
cut |
cut |
cutting |
|
43. cost 花費 |
cost |
cost |
|
|
44. fall 掉下來 |
fell |
fallen |
falling |
|
45. keep 保持 |
kept |
kept |
keeping |
|
46. set 設定 |
set |
set |
setting |
|
47. tell 告訴 |
told |
told |
telling |
|
48. teach 教 |
taught |
taught |
teaching |
|
49. understand 了解 |
understood |
understood |
|
|
50. wear 穿，戴 |
wore |
worn |
wearing |
Jessie's 潔西家 