潔西把最難的假設語氣用最簡單的方式說明，哈哈，真的嗎？能夠理解的話就太好了。

最近愛上亂畫圖的潔西，其實一般文法書沒有人這樣畫的，不過潔西自己覺得條件子句難其實就難在什麼時候用，究竟是真的，假的，還有句型，不同的時態要用不同的句型，但是這邊的句型因為是假的，所以要往前推一個變成過去與過去完成，所以容易混淆。希望這樣有比較容易理解

 

 

0:  現在的習慣，真的，可能發生的，慣性的

if      past —x—x—x— now —x—x—x— future     if + S + V1

結果  past —x—x—x— now —x—x—x— future           S + V1

If + S + V1, S + V1

If the weather is fine, I go hiking.           I go hiking if the weather is fine.

If my mom goes out, the dog barks.        When my mom goes out, the dog barks.

 

1: 未來有可能會發生的事實，真的

if      past ———— now ——x—— future             if + S + V1

結果  past ———— now ——x—— future                   S + will + V1

If + S + V1, S + will + V2

If it rains tomorrow, the concert will be canceled.   副詞子句會用現在簡單式來代替未來

If I want to be on time, I will have to leave early.

I will have to leave early if I want to be on time.

 

2: 跟現在事實相反的假設，假的

if      past ———— now (x) ————— future             if + S + V2

結果  past ———— now (x) ————— future                   S + would + V1

If + S + V2, S + would + V1

If I were rich, I would buy a new house.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new house.

If I were a bird, I could fly.

If I lived in Taipei, I wouldn’t have to take the HSR (high speed railway) to the airport.

If I were you, I would tell the truth.

 

3: 跟過去事實相反的假設，假的

if      past —— (x) —— now ————— future             if + S + had + V3

結果  past —— (x) —— now ————— future                   S + would + have + V3

If + S + had + V3, S + would + have + V3

If I had remembered her birthday, she wouldn’t have been so angry.

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

If he had been more careful, he wouldn’t have lost his wallet.

If I hadn’t watched Korean dramas until late, I wouldn’t have been late this morning.

 

混合：if 子句是跟過去事實相反，結果子句是跟現在是相反，假的

if      past —— (x) ——  now ——————— future        if + S + had + V3

結果  past —————— now (x) ——————future              S + would + V1

If I had stayed in the U.S., I would speak English well now.

If he had attended the test, he would have a driver’s license now.

If I hadn’t eaten so much, I wouldn’t have a stomachache.

混合：if 子句是跟現在事實相反，結果子句是跟過去是相反，假的

if      past —————— now (x) —————— future        if + S + V2

結果  past —— (x) —— now ———————— future                S + would + have + V3

If she were a good student, she wouldn’t have skipped class.

If I finished my homework, I would have gone to the movies with my friends.

If I lived in Japan now, I would speak English well.

If I hadn’t slept so much, I would have recoded a few videos.

If didn’t cough a lot, my voice would sound much better.