眼睛快瞎掉的潔西實在沒有早睡的命,昨天眼睛不舒服很累,十二點就上床,四點就醒來。見鬼了,星期六日要上早上的課就起不來,常常趕到差點遲到。
癡呆狀態的時候想說把上星期寫到一半的八大詞性改一下,一邊摸,一邊吃早餐,一邊發呆,這樣也可以寫到九點半,事睡眠不足眼睛快瞎了,還是廢話太多,但是電腦的每十分鐘休息十五秒的潔西都有休息,每半個小時休息十五分鐘也有休息啊。可惡,最近眼睛都好痛,等等要來去看眼科了。毛病超多的!
詞性真的很重要,下面廢文有說,對了,潔西廢文的定義是潔西很愛碎碎念或說一些大家都知道的東西,其實廢歸廢很多東西還是很重要很用心花很多時間寫的,一早不想看的話有可以看看,後面有練習的題目。另外最下面還有寫多益講義的時候講詞性的更多又比較有點複雜的說明,題目是針對多益的考題也可以練習一下。
看眼科去了。Have a good day! 喔,對了,太陽很大要記得防曬多喝水,不要中暑了啊!
八大詞性
很多人會覺得記詞性,說錯了有什麼關係,人家難道就不懂嗎?恩,就像中文有破音字,一個自有很多個意義一樣,英文也是,一個字可能有不同的意義,不同的詞性,有時候說錯了,別人會不懂你的意思。記一個單字沒有順便記詞性用法的話,英文很難學得好。但是需要去死背死記那些八大詞性五大句型嗎?其實常說常聽就會發現,啊就是差不多的規則,只是有些地方需要特別注意。
英文的每個英文單字都可以歸類為英文的八大詞類之一,有些書有不同的歸類,但大部分都的書都是用這八大類。名詞,動詞,形容詞,副詞,代名詞,介系詞,連接詞,感嘆詞。
同一個字可能有好幾種不同的詞性。如: Love is in the air. 愛情瀰漫在空氣中的 love 是名詞。但是 I love you. 這裡面的 love 卻是動詞。 當同一個字的詞性不同時,意義也可能不同。如:在 The exam was really hard. 這裡面的hard是形容詞,表示困難的。work hard, play hard 這個片語中的hard是副詞,表示很努力地去做某事。
特別要記住的是中文也有詞性,但是跟英文不一定相同,所以英文記單字不可以只記意思,詞性錯了,句子就錯了。常見的是像我怕蟑螂這樣的句子很多人就直接說 I afraid cockroaches. (X) 為什麼不對?因為 afraid 是個形容詞,所以整個句子沒有動詞,I am afraid of cockroaches. 是個比較好比較正確的句子。因為一個句子需要主詞動詞,另外 be afraid of 是個片語,為什麼要用 of ?潔西還是一句老話,英文不是潔西發明的,哈哈。有些東西尤其初學者不用去記太細,也不要去背一堆片語,看到一個記一個。
然後拜託拜託,真的,遇到不會的字的時候不要直接去查 「害怕 中文」,然後看到 afraid 或 fear 這樣的字就直接套進去用,查出來的時候請再去查英文字典,看這個字的用法,還有要表達的意思是不是你想說的。
比方說 他對小孩子沒耐心。 想想這個句子怎麼寫?耐心,有 patient 跟 patience 一個形容詞,一個名詞,用法就不一樣了。沒耐心可以用 impatient,但是沒有 unpatinet (X) 這種字,happy 是開心 unhappy 是不開心,為什麼不能用 unpatient (X) ,就像 CKS Memorial Hall 叫中正紀念堂,Sun Yat-sen Memorial 叫做國父紀念館,為什麼 hall 一個翻作堂,一個翻作館,潔西教中文的時候也被考倒了,大原則,去記母語系的國家的怎麼用,不要隨便中翻英不管詞性寫。廢話好多。
他對小孩沒耐心可以是下面幾種說法。
He is impatient with kids.
He is not patient with kids.
He has no patience with kids.
另外我對英文有興趣。超常聽錯同學用 interested, interesting, interest 這幾個字。多查字典是不二法則,模仿裡面的句子的句型寫出來的句子通常不會錯,不確定的話再去問 Google 大師,比方說你寫 I’m intersting in English. (X) 就會看到 I’m 後面加的絕對不會是 interesting, 會是 interested 。這樣子有點概念嗎?真的覺得要學好英文多查字典,不要就直接中翻英表達自己的意思,把想說的話用英文的句型套進去才會說出寫出好英文。
我對英文有興趣可以用下面說法,也還有其他說法, I like English. 也可以表達差不多的意思。用你會的句型會比中翻英強一百倍,真心不騙。
I’m interested in English.
I have an interest in English.
落落長的碎碎念一堆後要認真的來看了。
A 動詞 (verbs):
英文的動詞用來描述一個動作或狀態。在英文當中可說是最重要也最困難的。中文常說我很忙。但是常見的 busy 是形容詞,所以不會是 I busy. (X) 一個句子要有主詞有動詞,所以應該是 I am busy. 才對。動詞一般放在主詞的後面。英文的不同時態會用動詞的動詞型態來表達。另外可以表達主動被動等等。
動詞主要分三種。這一定要記住,很多人也會錯在這裡。Do you like jazz? Yes, I like. (X) 錯,為什麼?中文很合理啊?因為英文的 like 是及物動詞,後面一定要加受詞,所以 Do you like jazz? Yes, I do. / Yes, I like jazz. / Yes, I like it. 都可以,但是就是不能用 Yes, I like. (X)
a 行為動詞:用來表達主詞的行為,動作,狀態。又可分
1 不及物動詞 intransitive verbs
不及物動詞表達主詞所作的動作,後面不需要接受詞。查字典裡面會看到用 (I)表示。
Time flies. 時光飛逝。
My father shaves every morning. 我爸爸每天早上刮鬍子。
奇怪,鬍子上哪去了?有些人可能會這麼問,英文的 shave 就有刮身上毛髮的意思, 而 shave 這個字可以是不及物動詞,也可以是及物動詞,有一些字會是這樣的,She always shaves her legs in the bath. 她總是在洗澡的時候刮腿毛,這時候的 shave 後面有受詞,就變成下面的及物動詞了。
2 及物動詞 transitive verbs
及物動詞把主詞的動作轉移到另外一個名詞,也就是受詞的身上,所以及物動詞後面一定有一個接受動作的受詞。字典裡常會用 (T) 表示。
I drink two cups of coffee every morning. 我每天早上喝兩杯咖啡。
She has two younger brothers. 她有兩個弟弟。
上面的 coffee 是 drink 的受詞,younger brothers 是 has 的受詞。
3 連綴動詞 linking verbs
連綴動詞經常用來表達狀態,或一些動作。連綴動詞的功能是把主詞跟動詞後面的主詞補語連接在一起。主詞補語是用來補充說明主詞,沒有主詞補語的話句子的語意會不完整。而主詞補語常是名詞,形容詞或介系詞片語。主詞補語為名詞時,會等於主詞。主詞補語為形容詞是用來修飾主詞。最常見的連綴動詞應該是 be 也就是 am, is, are, was, were, be, been 這些字。另外感官動詞 feel, see, look, taste, smell 等,還有一些表變化的如 get, become, turn 等。連綴動詞沒有很多,看到一個記一個就可以了。比較要特別注意的是一般動詞的後面會加受詞,而受詞一定是名詞,但是連綴動詞後面除了名詞外,也可以加形容詞。一般動詞後面一定不會加形容詞。
I feel sick. 我覺得我生病了。
You look tired. 你看起來很累。
My mother is a housewife. 我的母親是個家庭主婦。
Tim is at work. 提姆在上班。
助動詞 auxiliary verb
助動詞通常是與主要動詞合併起來成為一個動詞片語,用來表達時態或語態情態等。表達時態的助動詞有 be 動詞 am/is/are/was/were,do/does/did, have/has/had 跟 will。比較討厭的是因為 be 動詞,do,have 這三個動詞本身也可以用來當一般動詞,所以很多人就會弄混淆,千萬注意,不要有 I am enjoy shopping. (X) be 動詞絕對絕對不會跟動詞的原型(或現在簡單式的第三人稱單數加了 s 的動詞),或者是動詞的過去式放在一起,千萬記住啊!
情態助動詞例如 can, could, may, might, must, should 等等可以用在不同狀況下加上一般動詞來表達不同的意思。
Maroon 5 is coming to Taiwan next month. 魔力紅(樂團)下個月會來台灣。
He didn’t go to school yesterday. 他昨天沒去上學。
I can’t swim. 我不會游泳。
May I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的筆嗎?
上面的 is, did, can, may 都是助動詞。其中的 can 表能力,may 用在客氣的請求。
動詞: 動詞的四個面貌:動詞依時態跟表達的意義不同,會有下面不同的用法。
1 Present (V1) 動詞原型: I work from nine to five. 我朝九晚五。
2 Past (V2) 動詞過去式: I worked late last night. 我昨天工作到很晚。
3 Past Participle (V3) 動詞過去分詞: I have worked hard. 我一直以來都努力工作。
4 Present Participle (V-ing) 動詞現在分詞: I am working now. 我現在正在工作。
B 名詞 (nouns):
名詞用來表達人、事、物、地等。英文句子的構成要件就是主詞跟動詞。名詞用來當主詞、受詞與補語。名詞當主詞時放在句首,當受詞與補語時放在動詞後面。主詞一定要是名詞,所以當要表達的字是動詞時,必須把動詞加上ing成為動名詞或加上不定詞to。名詞可以接在其他詞類後形成片語。只有形容詞才可以用來修飾名詞。
Peter is a nice guy. 彼得是個好男人。
Barack Obama is the current President of the United States.
Baking and swimming are my hobbies.
在上面的句子中 Peter, guy, Barack Obama, President, the United States, hobbies 都是名詞。 baking 跟 swimming 為動名詞。
C 代名詞 (pronouns):
是用來取代名詞的字。前面已經提過的名詞或是說話的人彼此都知道的名詞都可用代名詞代替。主要是避免重複。用法與主詞雷同。
I will love you till the end of the world. 我會愛你到世界末日。
My father is very tall. He’s one meter 85. 我父親很高。他185公分。
上面的句子中的 I, you, he 都是代名詞。為什麼代名詞不歸到名詞那類呢?潔西也不知道。
D 形容詞 (adjectives):
用來形容、描述、說明一個名詞或代名詞。形容詞多放在修飾的名詞前面或放在連綴動詞的後面。也會放在某些特殊的名詞後面,比較少見。形容詞可以有比較級,有最高級。
It’s a beautiful day! 天氣真好。
The coffee tastes bitter. 這咖啡嚐起來好苦。
James is the most interesting person I’ve known. 詹姆士是我認識最有趣的人
Did you notice anything strange about him? 你有沒有注意到他怪怪的。
上面的 beautiful, bitter, interesting, strange 為形容詞,用來修飾 day, coffee, person, anything。
E 副詞 (adverbs):
用來修飾動詞、形容詞,副詞,或整個句子,表達程度,次數,頻率等等。副詞絕對不可以修飾名詞。副詞的移動性很高,常放在一般動詞後,形容詞前,也可放句首或句尾。不同的副詞按照強調的部分不同,可放不同地方,意義也會有所不同。頻率副詞多放一般動詞前,be動詞後。
Fortunately, she won the lottery. 很幸運地,她中了樂透。
I really like your new dress. 我真的很喜歡你的新洋裝。
上面的 fortunately, really 都是副詞。有些副詞有特定的用法,修飾特定的字,比方說 very ,可以說 He is very happy. 他很開心。 但是不能說 He very like English. (X) 超多人會這麼直接中翻英的說。不過他很喜歡英文的話要用 He really likes English. 或 He likes English very much. 才是正確的用法喔。
下面比較複雜,初學的人可以跳掉不要看沒關係。副詞的位置不同,意思也會不同。
It’s appropriate not to take your shoes off at the door.
在這個句子中 not為副詞,修飾的是 to take your shoes off at the door,意思是在門口不脫鞋是合宜的。因為在有些國家,鞋子可以直接穿進屋子裡,所以在門口不用脫鞋子,這是恰當的做法。
It’s not appropriate to take your shoes off at the door.
在這個句子中 not 為副詞,修飾的是 appropriate,意思是在門口脫鞋是不合宜的。比方說在台灣,可以在門口脫鞋子,可是在有些國家,把門口把鞋子脫掉卻是不恰當的做法。
所以第一個句子是說進門不脫鞋子沒關係,穿著進去就可以了。第二個句子是說進門口脫鞋子不恰當的,這樣做是沒有禮貌不合宜的,在意思上有些許的差別。
It’s okay not to take medicine. 不吃藥沒關係。
It’s not OK to take medicine. 吃藥是不可以的。
F 連接詞 (conjunctions):
用來連接單字 (words)、片語 (phrases)或子句 (clauses)。注意連接詞所連接的詞性必須一致。
a 對等連接詞 coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, yet, so
b 從屬連接詞 subordinating conjunctions: if, before, because, when
c 關係連接詞 correlative conjunctions: either…or, neither…nor, both…and, whether…or, not only…but also
It was raining, but they still went to the park. 在下雨,但是他們還是去公園。
Although John was sick, he still went to work. 雖然約翰生病了,他還是去上班。
He’s the kind of person you either love or hate. 他是那種你要嘛就喜歡,不然就討厭的人。
上面句子中 but, although, either … or 為連接詞。特別注意的是中文說雖然…但是…,因為… 所以…,但是英文不可以用 Although John was sick, but he still went to work. (X) 只能用其中一個 Although John was sick, he still went to work. 或 John was sick, but he still went to work. 另外 Because I wasn’t hungry, so I didn’t eat breakfast. (X) 這也是一樣的道理。 Because I wasn’t hungry, I didn’t eat breakfast. 或 I wasn’t hungry, so I didn’t eat breakfast. 兩個都可以。請特別注意這常見的錯誤啊!
G 介係詞 (prepositions):
用來表達事物的關係,如位置、方向、空間、時間或因果等。後面常加名詞,代名詞或動名詞結合成介係詞片語。通常不會把兩個介系詞放在一起連用,注意介系詞後面要加的是名詞,不可以是其他詞性。另外特別注意中文在表達時間地點時沒有介系詞,像我七點起床這樣子的中文,時間前面沒有介系詞,但是英文的話 I get up at 7:00. 中的 at 一定不可以省略。我住台北。 I live in Taipei. 這裡的 in 也一定不可以省略。
He arrived in London on Sunday morning. 他在星期天早上抵達倫敦。
I work late until 11 o’clock from Monday to Friday. 我星期一到五加班到十一點。
The bank is between the library and the supermarket. 銀行在圖書館跟超市中間。
上面的 in, on, until, from, to, between 都是介系詞。
I 感嘆詞 (interjections):
用來表達強烈的情緒或驚訝。
Oh! I didn’t know that was you. 噢,我不知道那是你。
Wow! It’s unbelievable. 哇!真是不可思議。
Ouch! You stepped on my foot! 好痛!你踩到我的腳了。
上面的 oh, wow, ouch 都是感嘆詞。
練習一
把下列句子中畫線的字填入適當的詞性中
名詞:
動詞:
助動詞:
形容詞:
副詞:
代名詞:
介系詞:
1 I had a wonderful holiday in Spain last year.
2 She lives in a large flat in New York.
3 Peter walked quickly to work.
4 We met them in Green Street on Friday.
5 You must come and visit me in Scotland.
6 My teacher spoke slowly, but I didn’t understand her.
7 Mary and Jackie are studying Japanese at college.
8 I have lost my bag.
9 They bought a big old house in the country.
10 She swims fast, and she can ski well too.
練習二
把下列的字放入句子中,每個字只能用一次。
提示:肯定句的句首通常是主詞,也就是名詞。疑問句的句首除了 Wh 疑問詞外,通常是助動詞。每個句子都要有主詞,動詞,而主詞後面常常接著的就是動詞。動詞的後面的受詞一定是名詞。句子隨時態的不同,會用不同的助動詞來形成句子。或用情態助動詞來表達特殊的語意。形容詞修飾的一定是名詞,通常放在名詞前面。副詞常修飾動詞或形容詞。代名詞可以從句子的前後文來判定需要用哪一個代名詞。時間地點等前面常會放介系詞。
名詞:job, match, Saturday
動詞:find, pass
助動詞:has, must, do
形容詞:beautiful, sick
副詞:badly, easily, carefully
代名詞:I, you
介系詞:on, at, in
1 Paul _________ just started a new ________.
2 You’ll _________ the books _________ the table.
3 She played _________ and lost the tennis _________.
4 _________ haven’t seen your grandfather for a long time – you _________ visit him on the weekend.
5 Don’t worry! You’ll _________ the exam _________.
6 Listen _________ ! The money is _________ the box.
7 I’m playing golf on _________. _________ you want to play with me?
8 I feel _________. What did we eat _________ the restaurant?
9 _________ bought some _________ flowers and gave them to my wife.
下面就是答案了,不要偷看啊,寫完再來對答案啊!
練習一
把下列句子中畫線的字填入適當的詞性中
名詞:Spain, Mary, bag
動詞:lives, met, swims
助動詞:must, are, have
形容詞:wonderful, large, big
副詞:quickly, slowly, well
代名詞:You, she
介系詞:on, in
1 I had a wonderful holiday in Spain last year.
2 She lives in a large flat in New York.
3 Peter walked quickly to work.
4 We met them in Green Street on Friday.
5 You must come and visit me in Scotland.
6 My teacher spoke slowly, but I didn’t understand her.
7 Mary and Jackie are studying Japanese at college.
8 I have lost my bag.
9 They bought a big old house in the country.
10 She swims fast, and she can ski well too.
練習二
把下列的字放入句子中,每個字只能用一次。
名詞:job, match, Saturday
動詞:find, pass
助動詞:has, must, do
形容詞:beautiful, sick
副詞:badly, easily, carefully
代名詞:I, you
介系詞:on, at, in
1 Paul has just started a new job.
2 You’ll find the books on the table.
3 She played badly and lost the tennis match.
4 You haven’t seen your grandfather for a long time – you must visit him on the
weekend.
5 Don’t worry! You’ll pass the exam easily.
6 Listen carefully ! The money is in the box.
7 I’m playing golf on Saturday. Do you want to play with me?
8 I feel sick. What did we eat at the restaurant?
9 I bought some beautiful flowers and gave them to my wife.
下面為多益部分的八大詞性的講義,主要是在文法題的時候會考字彙跟詞性
常見考題類型
第五部份主要考的是字彙的運用跟一些基礎文法概念 。下列為常見題型:
(A)字彙題:字彙題是根據上下文選出最適當的字,這四個選項的單字的意義或字形有時候相當類似,有時後卻完全不同。慣用法,搭配字的考題也常見,偶爾也考動詞片語。單字的加強要靠平時多閱讀來增加字彙並理解正確用法。
1 Our recruiter will be traveling to several universities to interview graduating students
for ______ in our marketing department.
a. occupation b. positions c. performance d. talents
2 Researcher Clement Chappelle was awarded £11,000 by the Ogden County Council to
analyze the ___________ of removing dams along the River Bourne.
a. uncertainty b. feasibility c. quantity d. flexibility
3 A growing __________ in the cosmetics industry is the use of natural and organic
ingredients
a. product b. scent c. sale d. trend
(B) 文法題:文法題則多半考基礎文法,同學不用死記文法,應該是要理解,並在閱讀文章時注意各個詞性的用法。文法題中詞性的選擇占大部份,其他如動詞的接續,代名詞,副詞,介系詞,連接詞,轉折語等在下面一一說明。
0 詞性:
詞性的考法是四個選項中有四個不同的詞性作為選擇,最常考的是名詞,動詞,形容詞跟副詞。必須弄清楚詞性用法跟常見的與字尾。 並且清楚英語的句型,一般常見主詞+動詞+受詞句型中,主詞跟受詞必須是名詞。在主詞+連綴動詞+主詞補語句型中,主詞補語必須是名詞或形容詞。另外修飾的關係也很重要,記住形容詞只可以用來修飾名詞,副詞可以用來修飾形容詞,副詞,動詞,全句,但是不能用來形容名詞。介系詞後面一定只能加名詞。
1 動詞:
動詞常見的考題有時態,動詞接續,使役動詞,動詞片語,助動詞,主動詞一致等。 動詞後面一般接的是名詞,但是假如是連綴動詞接的可能為名詞或形容詞。一個句子一定要有一個動詞,動詞的時態看前後文,語意與副詞來決定。一個句子有第二個動詞出現時則要注意動詞的接續,有些動詞後面需要加不定詞,有些加動名詞。使役動詞的後面接原型動詞。動詞的四個變化的用法都要很清楚。
常見字尾:-ize: standardize, -ify: notify, -en:strengthen, -ate: renovate,
-er: recover 等。
4 When you _____ your loan application, please remember to sign and date the last page.
a. completed b. had completed c. are completing d. were completing
5 Ms. Walters __________ to another branch, so your new financial advisor will be Mr.
Merenda.
a. transfer b. transferring c. has transferred d. transferable
2 名詞:
名詞常見的考題有名詞的單複數,冠詞,可數不可數名詞,主動詞一致。名詞位置一般放在最前面當主詞,或是動詞的後面當受詞。名詞的前面常會有形容詞或冠詞the, a, an來修飾。介系詞後面一定要加名詞,of 前面也通常是名詞。另外要注意,現在分詞(V-ing)也可以當名詞用。
常見字尾:-tion: investigation, -ment: acknowledgement, -ness: awareness,
-ance: assistance, -ence: dependence, -ship: memebership, -dom: freedom,
-ism: capitalism, -ity: creativity, -hood: neighborhood, -or: author,
-er: writer, -ee: trainee, ian-: technician, -ist: psychologist 等。
6 Both financial advisors recommend investing in pharmaceutical companies, although Paul
Laurinen is suggesting a wider ______ of stocks.
a. select b. selected c. selection d. selective
7 The CEO will use her _____________ in determining how the reorganization of the
company will be conducted.
a. discretionary b. discrete c. discretely d. discretion
3 代名詞:
代名詞考的多半不難,只要注意這個代名詞用來代替的人事物的人稱,單複數,為主格,受格,所有格,還是反身代名詞等即可。
8 Although measures have been introduced to discourage the use of mobile telephone
inside the opera house, _________ effectiveness remains limited.
a. they b. their c. them d. theirs
9 ______ interested in viewing an apartment should contact the property manager to
arrange an appointment.
a. These b. Those c. This d. That
4 形容詞:
形容詞常見考題為詞性,字彙意義,與分詞形容詞,形容詞比較級,最高級。形容詞只可修飾名詞,放在名詞前或連綴動詞後。在分詞形容詞中,動詞的現在分詞主要是用來表主動,描述主詞給人的感覺,而過去分詞主要用在表被動,或描述主詞本身的感受。
常見字尾:-able: capable, -ible: responsible, -al: practical,-ful: grateful,
-ous: tremendous, -ate: moderate, -ish: sluggish, -ive: administrative,
-less: useless, -y: tidy, ly: lively, -ed: delighted, -ing: outstanding 等。
10 ______ by the audience’s positive reaction to its music, the Gary Jones Band played
well past midnight.
a. Delighted b. Delightedly c. Delightful d. Delight
11 A particularly _________ drawback of this book is almost complete lack of useful
illustrations or tables.
a. frustrating b. frustratingly c. frustrated d. frustration
12 After _______ years of performing for live audience, stage director Kenneth Ogozi
is glad to be working behind the scenes again.
a. all b. many c. much d. every
5 副詞:
副詞常見考題也是詞性,字彙,或副詞的位置。副詞可以用來修飾動詞,形容詞,其他副詞,或整個句子。它的移動性很高,按強調部份的不同可放在不同的地方,常放在句首,句尾,形容詞前,動詞前後。而頻率副詞的用法可放在一般動詞前,be後面。而有助動詞時放在助動詞與主動詞間,有多個助動詞時放在第一個助動詞後,某些頻率副詞可放在句首或句尾。
常見字尾:-ly: definitely, -ward: forward, -wise: clockwise等。
13 Public speaking experts agree that it is better to express simple ideas ________ than
to use complex structures with no persuasive point.
a. comprehend b. comprehensible c. comprehensibly d. comprehensibility
14 As a security measure, employees of Kramnick Corporation are encouraged to change
their computer passwords _________.
a. frequently b. incidentally c. honestly d. relatively
6 介系詞:
常見考題有字彙意義,表達時間跟地點的介系詞,慣用法的動詞,名詞,或形容詞與介系詞組合成的片語。介系詞的用法繁多,可表位置,方向,空間,時間,因果,理由等。時間跟地點有大規則可記,其他的用法就跟動詞名詞或形容詞片語等一起記,在閱讀文章時就多留意介系詞來加強記憶。
15 ________ the past twenty years, Premium Telecom has rewarded all of its employees
with a generous vacation package.
a. From b. Before c. For d. After
16 _______ the firm’s notable achievements this past year was the opening of a new
research and development center in Seoul.
a. Into b. Among c. Despite d. Around
7 連接詞:
常見考題有連接詞的正確用法,配對連接詞,子句的連接詞等。連接詞是用來連結兩個字,片語,子句,句子。應記熟常見七個對等連接詞and, but, so, or, nor, for, yet 與五個配對連接詞: both … and, not only … but also, either … or, neither … nor, whether … or 。連接詞的平行結構,也就是對等詞的兩邊的詞性必須一致,可依此來判斷詞性。
從屬連接詞如: although, when, before, because, unless 等用來帶領副詞子句,後面必須接子句。而in spite of, despite, due to, because of這些片語後面接的必須是名詞。名詞子句的連接詞that, whether, if, 疑問詞 what, where, when, whoever 等用來帶領名詞子句。而形容詞子句中的關係代名詞that, which, who, whom 等也都可能出現在考題中。
形容詞子句常考的是限定子句的主詞為人時,用who,為事物時,用that或which,而非限定用法,也就是在逗點後,人用who,事物用which。
17 It is not the company’s policy to grant sick leave ________ overtime pay to part-time
employees.
a. yet b. if c. but d. or
18 Students ______ present a valid identification card can obtain a ten percent discount
on tickets to all musical performances.
a. whoever b. whose c. whom c. who
19 _________ having several years of experience in management, Pedro Castillo did not
get the promotion for which he applied.
a. In spite of b. Unless c. Regardless d. Even so
8 感嘆詞 (interjections):
用來表達強烈的情緒或驚訝。這部份通常不太會考。如:oh, wow, yeah, ouch…等。
綜合練習題
20 The ___________ of the Board of Directors is scheduled for Monday.
a. election b. elected c. elects d. electable
21 The earthquake ___________ over 200,000 victims homeless so the government is
providing with temporary shelter.
a. leave b. will leave c. leaving d. left
22 Susan is a competent and ________________ secretary, and has an excellent
rapport with her colleagues.
a. organize b. organized c. organization d. organizes
23 The park service asks visitors to behave _____________ and show respect for
wildlife.
a. responsibly b. responsible c. responsibility d. responsibilities
24 Monthly reports from all divisions of the company must be delivered to the human
resources office _________ by 5 P.M. today.
a. recently b. promptly c. formerly d. briefly
25 Consumer spending is down and analysts say that it’s ________ the unfavorable job
market.
a. because b. while c. due to d. beyond
26 The restaurant on Main Street offers a wide selection of gourmet desserts
________ several regions of the world.
a. with b. by c. from d. until
27 There is now increased competition among motor-vehicle manufacturers _________
has resulted in better cars at lower prices.
a. those b. what c. that d. where
28 We hope to send ______ tax documents to you by the end of the week.
a. you b. your c. yours d. yourself
答案又來了!
1. b 2. b 3. d 4. c 5. c 6. c 7. d 8. b 9. b 10. a 11. a 12. b 13. c 14. a 15. c
16. b 17. d 18. c 19. a 20. a 21. d 22. b 23. a 24. b 25. c 26. c 27. c 28. b