E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time

這一課還挺重要的,是非常常用的過去簡單式,稍微改了一下,潔西放入了Tactics for Listening裡面的聽力,另外加了一點Four Corners裡面的活動。加上課本多到絕對上不完,呵呵。這麼重要常用,講過去式,講休閒活動,講假期,的只有一課實在不夠,潔西又準備了跟山一樣多的東西,然後雖然很希望一節課有三個小時可以練習,不過一個半小時時間到了就會被踢出去了,呵呵。課堂上練習不夠的部分還是要靠同學自己多練習囉。加油加油!

 

E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!    Jess Lin     P.1

jessielinhuiching.wordpress.com

課程主題

休閒活動,假期

句型重點

過去簡單式be與一般動詞

 

  1. A.  Warm up questions
  2. How’s it going?

Fantastic! / Good. / Nothing special. / Terrible!

  1. What’s your typical day like?

Well, I get up at 7, and I eat breakfast at home. I leave for work at 7.30. I take the MRT to work. I start work at 8.30 and I finish at 5.30. I have an hour lunch break. I usually have lunch with my coworkers in the cafeteria. After work I go to the gym to work out for an hour. I always eat out. I am usually tired when I get home, so I just watch TV and surf the Internet before I go to bed.

  1. What’s your typical weekend like?

I like to sleep in on weekends. Sometimes I get up around noon; then I have brunch with my friends in a restaurant. After that, we go for a walk if the weather is nice. I often have a big dinner with my family cause we don’t spend much time together during the week.

 

  1. B.  Yesterday

some irregular verbs: do-did, have-had, go-went, get-got, eat-ate, drink-drank, buy-bought, ride-rode, drive-drove, sing-sang, spend-spent, forget-forgot, take-took, make-made,

 

1. What time did you get up yesterday?     I got up at 7.30.

2. What did you eat for breakfast?         I ate a sandwich.

3. How did you go to work?               I rode a motorcycle.

4. What time did you start work?         I started work at 9.00.

5. Where did you have lunch?             I had lunch in a noodle shop.

6. What did you drink?              I drank some coffee, tea, and water.

7. How much money did you spend?        I spent NT$1,000.

8. What time did you finish work?          I finished work at 6 P.M.

9. What did you do after work?

I went home, took a shower, watched TV, and then I surfed the Net.

10. What time did you go to bed?           I went to bed at 1 A.M.

11. Did you have a good day yesterday?     Yes, I had a great day.

E4A   L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!              Jess Lin     P.2

C. Memories  Four Corners 1 Lesson 10

Make five true sentences about your past activities with the phrases below. Your group asks three questions about each sentence for more information.

Yesterday      I drank …    I got up …         I did …

Last night      I ate …       I went to bed …   I slept …

Last weekend   I saw …      I had …           I drove …

Last month     I bought …   I read …          I made …

Last year       I went …     I met ….          I took ….

 

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

 

 

 

  1. D.  Find someone

Class Activity: Add two past activities to the chart. Then find classmates who did each thing. Write their names, and ask questions for more information.

 

Find someone who….                       Name     Extra information

  1. bought a cell phone last year
  2. got a hair cut last week
  3. saw a friend yesterday
  4. ate out last night
  5. watched a movie last weekend
  6. uploaded some pictures yesterday
  7. drank a cup of coffee today
  8. played online games on Facebook today

 

 

 

E4A   L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!              Jess Lin     P.4

E. Tactics for Listening Unit 14 Vacations    4. Let’s Listen

A: Is this you?

B: Yes, it is.

A: Wow! It looks really fun, but hard. How do you stay on them?

B: In the beginning, you don’t. You fall off all the time. But you learn pretty quickly. I had a wonderful time.

 

2.

A: What are you doing here?

B: My friends and I went camping. It was really great. But it got very cold at night. This is how we kept warm.

 

3.

A: What did you do?

B: Oh, I went sightseeing and visited all the museums.

A: Oh, the sounds interesting.

B: Actually, it was pretty boring. I hate museums.

 

4.

A: Oh, this must have been a wonderful vacation.

B: Yes, it was fantastic. The weather was perfect. And the water was so clear.

A: Wow. Look at you. You’re all red.

B: Yes, I got a terrible sunburn.

 

5.

A: What are you doing here?

B: Oh, I took a cooking course in Italy.

A: Terrific. So what can you make now?

B: Spaghetti and meatballs!

 

6.

A: Did you go all the way in this?

B: Yes, we did. It was really very comfortable to travel in. We slept in it, too.

 

E4A   L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!              Jess Lin     P.5

  1. Travel Experiences (P.112 Four Corners)

1. I’m here in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Yesterday, I went on a short elephant trip. There was a man on the elephant in front of me. His name was Alan Johnson. My name is Alan Johnson, too! I can’t believe we have the same name!

2. My sister and I are in Paris, France. It’s our first trip overseas. We _____ (go) to an outdoor café the other day, and Johnny Depp _________ (be) at the next table. How exciting! He _______ (be) nice to us, and I have a cool photo now.

3. I’m here with my parents at a hotel in Miami, Florida. We _______(come) to visit our relatives. We all ______ (go) to bed last night at about midnight. At 3:00 in the morning, we __________ (hear)  a fire alarm. We _______ (run) down to the street and ________ (be) fine.

 

F. Vacation

  1. Where did you go?        I went to Japan.
  2. When did you go there?   I went there last May.
  3. Who did you go with?     I went there by myself.
  4. How did you travel?       I took a plane there.  In Tokyo, I took the subway.
  5. How was the flight?      It was fast and comfortable.
  6. Where did you stay?      I stayed in a hostel.
  7. How was the hostel?      It was not big, but it’s very clean.
  8. How long did you stay there for?   I stayed in Tokyo for five days.
  9. How was the weather?   It was cold and rainy most of the time.
  10. What did you buy?      I bought some chocolate and souvenirs. 紀念品.
  11. Where did you visit?   I visited some museums, temples and shopping malls.
  12. What did you eat?      I ate some sushi and noodles.
  13. How was the food?      It was delicious.
  14. What did you drink?     I drank some beer, sake清酒, and cocktails 雞尾酒.
  15. What did you do in the evening?   I went to the pubs and clubs in the evening.
  16. How was the nightlife?  It was amazing. The clubs are interesting.
  17. How were the people?   They were very friendly and polite.
  18. What did you enjoy the most?

The streets were very clean and the air was fresh. I felt safe to walk around by myself.

  1. What didn’t you like?    Everything was so expensive! I was broke!

 

E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!      Jess Lin    P.6

F. Simple Past 過去簡單式                                        

英文有十二個時態。在學每一個時態時要記住四點:使用時機、句型、動詞變化以及搭配的副詞。最重要是理解跟多做練習,才能靈活運用、得心應手

 

一、過去簡單式的使用時機

英文用過去簡單式用來表達發生在過去的事件。

  1. We went on a school trip last week. It was a lot of fun.
  2. Jane saw the Avengers last night. She didn’t like it.

過去簡單式也用來表達在過去重複進行的活動、習慣。

  1. When I studied in Sydney, I cooked every day, but I almost never cook now.
  2. I went to church with my mother every Sunday when I was a kid.

 

二、過去簡單式的句型

(一)過去簡單式一般動詞的句型為S + V2(V2指的是動詞的過去式)

肯定句     S    +     V2

I              ate a big dinner last night.

Tina          got married when she was 18.

 

否定與問句需要用did這個助動詞來幫忙。否定句在助動詞後面加not

否定句      S   +    did not    +   V1

They        didn’t         do their homework.

He          didn’t         sing at the KTV last weekend.

 

Yes/No questions Yes/No 問句 把助動詞did放在主詞前面造問句

Did   +   S    +  V1

Did       you       sleep well last night?

Did       Tom       have a good time?

 

WH questions  WH問句則將疑問詞放在最前面再依序放助動詞、主詞、動詞

WH             did   +   S    +   V1

What time    did        you        get up this morning?

Where         did        Linda       go last weekend?

當what跟who為主詞疑問詞時,不需要助動詞,動詞用過去式

What happened last night?

Who   ate   my chocolate?

 

E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!     Jess Lin     P.7
過去簡單式Simple Past                      

 

(二)、過去簡單式Be動詞的句型

主詞+過去式Be動詞   +名詞/形容詞/介係詞片語

S  + was/were       +noun/ adjective /preposition phrase

肯定句     S +    was/were +noun/ adjective /preposition phrase

I           was         a housewife.

You         were        happy earlier.

My father   was          at home this morning.

 

否定與問句用本身的be動詞來改否定與造問句。

否定句只要在Be動詞後面加not

否定句    S + was/were + not +  noun/ adjective / preposition phrase

I              was    not    a Japanese teacher.

You          were   not    sad.

My father   was    not    at work.

Yes/No questions Yes/No 問句 把Be動詞放在主詞前面造問句

Was/Were+  S  +          noun/ adjective / preposition phrase

Was                I                   loud?

Were            you                 in the office this afternoon?

Was          your mother         away last week?

 

WH questions WH問句則將WH疑問詞放在最前面再依序放Be動詞、主詞與其他部分

WH  word+ was/were      +     S   +     noun/ adjective / preposition phrase

Where              was                  I             born?

Where             were              you            last night?

How                 was           your day?

切記在過去簡單式中,一般動詞與Be動詞絕對不會同時出現。

 

三、過去簡單式的副詞如:this morning, last night, yesterday morning, five years ago, in 2005…等。

E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!     Jess Lin     P.8

過去簡單式   四、過去簡單式規則動詞過去式的拼字與發音變化的規則

動詞的變化有四種。

第一個是動詞原型V1,也就是在字典中查到的字典型如eat。用在現在簡單式,但是第三人稱單數的現在簡單式要加s,如eat, eats。

第二種是過去式動詞,在過去式時使用的第二態V2,動詞可分規則動詞與不規則動詞,規則動詞加ed,如cooked,不規則則需牢記,如ate。

第三態又叫過去分詞V3,用在完成式與被動。分規則變化與不規則變化兩種。規則變化則加ed,如cooked。不規則則須牢記,如eaten。

第四種是現在分詞,也就是動詞後面加ing,用在進行式。

  1. 規則動詞的過去式拼字變化如下:
  2. 大多數的動詞在過去式時只要在字尾加ed。

work-worked, help-helped, call-called, wash-washed

  1. 動詞字尾已經有e時,只要加d即可。

live-lived, die-died, dance-danced, smile-smiled

  1. 動詞字尾為子音加y時,必須去y加ied。

study-studied, cry-cried, worry-worried, copy-copied.

  1. 只有一個音節的動詞字尾發音為短母音加子音時,重複字尾再加ed。

shop-shopped, plan-planned, tap-tapped, hop-hopped

  1. 兩個音節以上且重音在最後一個音節的動詞,字尾發音為短母音加子音時,也需重複字尾加ed。

admit-admitted, prefer-preferred, omit-omitted, occur-occurred

  1. 規則動詞的過去式發音的變化如下:
  2. 動詞字尾是無聲子音時,加ed後讀/ t /。無聲子音指的是除了/ t /之外的

/ k /, / f /, / s /, / ʃ/, / tʃ/, /θ / 等。

cook-cooked, laugh-laughed, kiss-kissed, wash-washed, watch-watched

  1. 動詞字尾是有聲子音或母音時,加ed後讀/d/。有聲子音指的是除了/ d /之外的/ b /, / g /, / r /, / l /, / m /, / n /, / v / 等。

call-called, rain-rained, love-loved, play-played, try-tried

  1. 動詞字尾的發音是/ t /, / d /的發音時,加ed後讀/ɪd /。

want-wanted, need-needed, visit-visited, wait-waited

 

無聲子音(voiceless consonants):/p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /ʃ/, / tʃ/, / θ /, /h/,

有聲子音(voiced consonants):/b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /z/, / ʒ /, / dʒ /, / ð/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /r/, /w/, /j/, / ŋ/

 

母音:/ æ /, / ɛ /, / ɪ /, / a /, / ʌ /, / e /, / i /, / aɪ/, / o /, / u /, / ʊ /, / ɔ /, / ɔɪ/,

/ aʊ /, / ɝ /, / ɚ/, /ə /

E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!     Jess Lin     P.9

原型V1 過去式V2 過去分詞V3 現在分詞V-ing
1. be

2. buy

3. come

4. do

5. drink

6. drive

7. eat

8. find

9. fly

10. forget

11. get

12. give

13. go

14. have

15. know

16. leave

17. lose

18. make

19. meet

20. quit

21. read

22. ride

23. run

24. see

25. sell

26. sing

27. sit

28. sleep

29. speak

30. spend

31. swim

32. take

33. think

34. wear

35. win

36. write

was/were

bought

came

did

drank

drove

ate

found

flew

forgot

got

gave

went

had

knew

left

lost

made

met

quit

read

rode

ran

saw

sold

sang

sat

slept

spoke

spent

swam

took

thought

wore

won

wrote

been

bought

come

done

drunk

driven

eaten

found

flown

forgotten

gotten

given

gone

had

known

left

lost

made

met

quit

read

ridden

run

seen

sold

sung

sat

slept

spoken

spent

swum

taken

thought

worn

won

written

being

buying

coming

doing

drinking

driving

eating

finding

flying

forgetting

getting

giving

going

having

knowing

leaving

losing

making

meeting

quitting

reading

riding

running

seeing

selling

singing

sitting

sleeping

speaking

spending

swimming

taking

thinking

wearing

winning

writing

E4A Interchange 1 L7 Unit 7 We had a great time!     Jess Lin    P.10

G. Useful Expressions

 

  1. Let’s get together next time. 下次再約出來聚聚

A: Wow! What a night!

B: Yeah! Let’s get together next time.

  1.  That’s easy for you to say.  你說的倒容易

A: Remember to keep up your hard work.

B: That’s easy for you to say.

  1.  Go ahead.  請便

A: Excuse me, I want to go to the bathroom.

B: Go ahead.

  1.  You’re out of your mind! 你瘋嘍!

A: Let’s jump down from here.

B: You’ve got to be out of your mind! (You’re out of your mind!)

  1.  You don’t have to tell me. 不用你告訴我(還用你說)

A: You don’t have to tell me. I know that already.

B: I am just trying to remind you.

  1.  Tell me about it. 我早就知道了。

A: Oh, no! I think we’re in trouble.

B: Tell me about it.

  1.  I can’t promise. 我不敢保證

A: I need you to finish this tonight.

B: I can’t promise.

  1.  I can’t complain / I have nothing to complain about

不錯呀!沒啥好抱怨的

A: Is everything OK here?

B: Everything is fine. I can’t complain.

  1.  In short 總而言之

A: So how was your trip to London?

B: It was great in short.

  1.  In any case 無論如何

A: We have to get these done in any case.

B: I don’t think that we can make it.

 

Free Time Activities   休閒活動                        Jessie Lin  

1 chat online 線上聊天  2 check email  收信  3 clean  打掃  4 cook  做菜

5 daydream  做白日夢  6 do exercise  做運動  7 do homework  寫功課

8 do housework  做家事 9 do nothing  什麼都不做  10 do puzzles  解字謎

11 download movies  下載電影  12draw  畫畫  13drink coffee  喝咖啡

14 drink tea  喝茶  15 get a haircut  剪頭髮  16 get a massage  做按摩

17 go cycling 騎腳踏車  18 go dancing  跳舞  19 go for a ride/drive  兜風

20 go for a stroll  閒晃  21 go for a walk  散步  22 go jogging  慢跑

23 go rollerblading 溜直排輪 24 go sightseeing 觀光 25 go swimming 游泳

26 go to a library 上圖書館 27 go to a mall 逛商場 28 go to a club  去跳舞

29 go window shopping  逛街只看不買30 hangout with friends  與朋友一起

31 listen to music  聽音樂  32 listen to the radio  聽廣播  33 paint  畫畫

33 play basketball  打棒球  34 play cards  玩牌 35 play mahjong  打麻將

36 play computer games  玩電腦遊戲  37 play online games  玩線上遊戲

38 play tennis打網球39 play with children跟小孩玩40 play with pets玩寵物

41 read a book  看書  42 read a comic看漫畫 43 read a magazine  看雜誌

44 read a newspaper 看報紙 45 relax 放鬆46 send text messages  寫簡訊

47 study English唸英文48 surf the Internet  上網  49 take a class  上課

50 take a course  上課程  51 take care of children  照顧小孩 52 take photos  拍照  53 text friends  寫簡訊給朋友  54 tidy 整理55 visit a museum  去博物館  56 visit a night market去夜市 57 visit a temple  去廟裡拜拜  58 visit an exhibit  去看展覽 59 visit family 拜訪家人,回家  60 visit friends  找朋友61 watch/rent a DVD  看/租光碟  62 watch a movie  看電影 63 watch a performance  看表演  64 have a party 辦派對 65 work out  運動66 go to the KTV 去KTV唱歌  67 go to the hot spring  去泡溫泉

69. play sports  做運動  70. eat out 上餐廳吃飯 72. have a barbeque 烤肉

 

 

 

壞脾氣的潔西

昨天上完站前的最後一堂課,順路經過學生工作的可愛蛋糕店,聊了好一陣子。聊他門去韓國玩,這些同學居然做計程車到首爾近郊,還被計程車司機繞遠路,就只為了到偶像韓星的經紀公司樓下看會不會幸運的剛好看到偶像。可惜只有看到偶像的車子,誇張到連偶像的車子的車牌都知道,哇!潔西真是佩服佩服。把這些心血用來練習英文的話,不用出國英文也嚇嚇叫。呵呵。

聊到她們上過的一些老師,還有潔西的法文老師。就整個現在很多老師都是不可思議呢!潔西的法文老師在同學練習的時候,因為不斷地發錯某個音,結果老師就搖搖頭說,算了算了,同學下課跟潔西抱怨讓她自信心大損,還說先前潔西還沒去上課的時候,老師講到一個東西,大家都不懂,老師也是一副,這麼簡單你們怎麼可能會不懂。可同學也沒抱怨,感覺大家還是很愛戴老師啊。同學上會話課有個在補習班還算很受歡迎課很多的老師,不像潔西這麼黑都沒什麼課,呵呵。這位老師不記同學名字就算了,還叫人家穿白色毛衣的。同學沒反應,換了個說法,穿白色sweater的那個同學,哇!人氣名師原來是要這樣子。其實潔西也聽過別的同學說,聽說只要被客訴就會很生氣,然後上課大發飆。我真的覺得台灣的老師是不是都被寵壞了啊?很多很誇張的呢。

學生還聊到現在很多老師都很臭嘴,不是嘴臭,是嘴巴很壞的意思。而且還很容易生氣。尤其是學生不回答,就很容易生氣。翻臉比翻書還快。呵呵,潔西可以理解,老師在上面一直說,同學都沒反應,尤其是會話課,假如大家都不說話,老師應該會覺得很沮喪,氣餒。潔西有時候也覺得很無奈,會問大家怎麼今天都這麼安靜。不過我是自high型,所以呢假如覺得是大家不懂就再講一次,假如還是沒反應,就讓大家開始練習,有時候同學不敢問問題,練習時私底下問題就很多了,呵呵。不過呢,現在上課真的比較不會生氣了。沒必要跟自己過不去。雖然有時候還是難免,但是儘量不會表現出來。最容易生氣是同學上課一直說話,呵呵,到後來我就會生氣地制止,但很多人,尤其是高中生都說不聽,不過跟學生生氣也沒用啊,也氣到自己,還不如不理那些讓你生氣因為基本上我上課都還挺開心的,學生大部分都很可愛的呢。

但是呢上課還好,下了課,遇到服務態度差的人,潔西每次都還是氣的火冒三丈。今天去帶小朋友去吃麥當勞,點可樂,去冰。結果呢給的時候搖了搖,還是有冰塊,跟似乎是主管階級的小姐說,我要的是去冰的。那位主管很不客氣地說,那你等一下,那我幫你換,可是下次要去冰要先說。非常之不爽的潔西大跳,說我明明點餐的時候有講,每次點了去冰,給的時候都還是加冰塊,所以我剛剛才搖了搖。明明是你們自己不對還要怪別人。我應該真的有兇,旁邊的另一個男主管馬上道歉說不好意思,後來幫我點餐的收銀妹妹拿給我的時候也一直道歉。就那個嗆我的女生主管在旁邊沒說話。我拿了飲料說謝謝,就走了。其實點餐的妹妹在我點完後,因為收銀台有點問題,所以她可能等了一下再key的時候就忘了,還是沒聽到我也不知道,可是呢我覺得顧客至上是服務業的不二原則。而且我覺得態度是很重要的,就算是客人不對,也不該指著客人的鼻子說這樣是不對的。假如他的口氣是好的,我的口氣覺得比他更好,人都是這樣的不是嗎?

又想到前兩天去我家附近的彰化銀行提錢,晶片無法感應,進去服務台跟兩個在聊天的行員說,小姐說可能是晶片髒了,感應不到,用橡皮擦幫我擦了擦,我去再試一次,還是沒用。再進去,其中一個小姐很不客氣地說,小姐你一定是把卡片直接放在皮包對不對,你一定沒有放在我們當初給你的那個套子裡面,你放皮包很多張卡片在一起這樣就會消磁。你要重辦一張卡,要工本費一百元。What the …,潔西差點沒罵人,只是說,小姐,為什麼別家的卡不會有問題,就你們的卡出問題,而且也不是我弄丟了弄壞了。一百元我不是付不起,只是你們銀行這樣讓人感覺很差。小姐說等等我去問主管,然後出來說,那我們主管說不用付一百元沒關係,可是你要填這張,寫了密密麻麻一堆小字的同意書,然後說你要放棄五天的審閱權。從頭到尾姿態擺超高的。潔西真的很不爽,就說,小姐,你們公立銀行的態度跟服務也太差了吧。我在其他私立銀行人家都不會這樣。因為我很多水電話費扣繳都在這兒,假如我要把帳戶結清要怎麼辦?小姐大概說了一下,就是一副那你結清啊,反正我們銀行差你一個又不會倒的態度。當然我只是小戶,後來發現那是我補習班轉帳的戶頭,所以也不可能結清。

學生要我去檢舉她,說不知道那家店,假如有人被檢舉,全店都倒大霉,算了,那是私人機構才會有的事吧。公立銀行,慢慢等吧。我跟國泰銀行打交道的經驗就好得多,為了一個電子帳單,客服人員找了我很多次,而且每次都很客氣,我都覺得哎呀,真是麻煩人家,心存感激。人與人是要互相的啊!

潔西是反省派的,罵完人後都會反省,去游泳的時候問我外甥說我在麥當勞有沒有很兇。他不敢講,我機會教育,告訴他說就算是對方不對,也不可以兇人家,這樣是不好的。不想給小孩壞的教育榜樣。我自圓其說,我說我也沒兇他們,我只是很生氣,說話大聲點,外甥說,那就是兇,在那麼多人面前我才不會這麼沒水準。厚,這小孩,斗膽拐彎抹角罵阿姨沒水準,不想活了。我說,那你為什麼一天到晚兇妹妹。他無言。今天早上也才罵他們,老姐去大陸,兩個住我們家,他舅舅給他一些畫冊,都在椅子上跟地上,昨天念了好幾次都說等一下,今天早上潔西起床氣,開始大罵,通通整理好,每次都東西都亂丟,我哪萊那麼多時間一天到晚幫你們收時。通通整理好,���麼那不然不准去游泳,是罵了有效,還是為了要去游泳,總之整理得乾乾淨淨,迅速確實。唉。小孩有時好像真的不罵不成器耶。但是罵了心情又很不佳。

最近脾氣大壞,忙忙忙,越忙越覺得要做的事情越多,永遠做不完的事就覺得煩又累,感覺就越不順,然後就更容易生氣,惡性循環,哎呀,修養休養。昨天全身筋骨酸痛,覺得老骨頭要閃了,去按摩,按完超好睡。今天游了泳,只有五六百公尺吧,回來累到不能動,可是還一直睡不著,厚。吃了藥還是睡不著。寫了一堆應該可以睡了。明天下了課,假如起的來去上雖然覺得沒什麼可以期待的課的話,去兩廳圖書館聽聽古典樂,培養一下氣質,放鬆一下心情吧。不要再生氣了喔!會變得又老又醜的。我這胖子,今天發現買了三件不能換的內衣,size買錯了,啊!!!!!!褲子沒一件能穿。明天順便去墮落好了,買幾件寬鬆的短褲嚇人,唉!

祝大家新的一周有新的美好的開始,一起加油吧!

Lady Pasta 之常見義大利麵種類與菜單

2012/6/14  附註,這一篇介紹的是各式各樣的麵條。下面連結的那偏就有各式各樣的麵條做成的義大利麵菜餚的中英文跟圖片喔:)

 

 

常見義大利麵的中英文對照與發音

 

上到餐廳點菜的時候潔西一定會說的一句話,點菜一點都不難,難的是菜單。真的。因為點菜的時候只要用I’d like a steak.  I’ll have a steak.  Can I have a steak? 這三個句型就可以。甚至指旁邊桌子上的菜說: I want that! 呵呵。聽說有人去國外也真的就這樣。不過呢在國外其實菜單裡面假如有魚,你不知道salmon是鮭魚,cod是鱈魚,恐怕就不會知道這些菜是魚。所以真的是菜單難,點菜不難。

 

而菜單當中比較複雜的之一是義大利麵。為什麼?因為每種麵條有他的名字,然後加了不同的醬後有些麵又有特殊講法,真的是整死人啊!可是在歐美的菜單上義大利麵算是非常常見的菜。剛好上星期上到點菜,答應學生找一些比較常見的麵條的名稱跟一些常見的麵。真的有點難度,前幾天找過一次,今天找了一個晚上。總算找到幾個我覺得圖片清楚,旁邊又有字的。潔西把第一個常見的34種義大利麵的KK或IPA的發音找出來,查了四個線上字典網站。不過其實最常見的幾種就是等等下面每次潔西都跟學生講到義大利麵都會請同學去看的柳丁擱來亂的Lady Pasta裡面都有出現。粉好笑,而且可以從裡面學一些字,呵呵。把Lady Gaga的Bad Romance改編的歌,背景有各式各樣的義大利麵。

 

因為這兒圖片放不上來,所以要麻煩同學到下面的連結,或到我的Google Docs連結裡面看檔案。(但是潔西睡不著,所以把圖片一一下載又放上來了,呵呵)最前面是一些義大利麵種類。再來是中文菜單,有中英對照,所以就比較容易理解。最後一個是英文菜單。可以看看能不能猜得出來。有難啦。不過大致上要記住幾個主要的麵的種類,幾個常見的種類。再來通常是有什麼配料在裡面,比方說chicken, shrimp, clams等等。最後通常會說用的是什麼醬汁。醬汁種類不少。台灣常見的三種是紅醬 tomato sauce, 白醬 cream sauce, 青醬 pesto sauce, 不過國外還有很多各式各樣,我剛剛看到Vodka sauce,呵呵,果然是加了伏特加的醬汁。

 

想睡了,明天不知道起的來上法文課嗎?作業隨便寫寫,因為這幾天很忙。我家外甥外甥女來住我們家,我這超級保姆昨天跟今天都六點多起來幫他們做早餐,也不過是烤烤土司。明天還要起來做飯糰,起得來的話。還要備課,還要上課,今天晚上下課也衝去超市買材料,回來做咖哩飯給他們吃,九點又去接外甥下課。厚。還好只有幾天,不然真的老命難保。佩服佩服有小孩的人。先睡去。

 

Lady Pasta的好笑影片

 

 

下面是有三十四種義大利麵的圖片的網站,很常見的大概是會常看到的,不過是我自己的主觀意識,多看一些菜單就會知道。下次來問問廚師學生好了,呵呵

 

 

http://www.dimasharif.com/2010/04/understanding-pasta-all-there-is-to.html

1. Campanelle     

2. Mini Bow Ties     

3. Gnocchi [ˋnɑkɪ]  常見 用馬鈴薯做的

4. Spaghetti  [spəˋgɛtɪ]     很常見

5. Manicotti   /ˌmanɪˈkɒti/          

6. Penne /ˈpɛneɪ/ 很常見

7. Ravioli    [͵rævɪˋolɪ]       常見 (裡面包餡)

8. Linguine   [lɪŋ’gwini] 很常見

9. Fine Egg Noodles

10. Mafalda    

11. Orzo (rosamarina)   

12. Fusilli /f(j)ʊˈziːli/  常見

13. CousCous       /ˈkʊskʊs, ˈkuːskuːs/ 常見(北非的一種小米)

14. Small Shell Macaroni   [͵mækəˋronɪ]  很常見

15. Rotini /rōˈtēnē/  常見

16. Capellini  /ˌkapɛˈliːniː/ 

17. Wide Egg Noodles     

18. lumache

 

19. Long Ziti  [ˋzitɪ]

20. Capellini (angel Hair)  /ˌkapɛˈliːniː/  常見

21. Lasagne Noodles [ləˋzɑnjə]  很常見

22. Ziti

23. Ruote (Wagon Wheel Macaroni) /ro͞oˈōtē/

24. Cavatappi

25. Acini di peppe

26. Mafalda

27. Gemelli /jəˈmelē/

28. Tortellini (tortelloni is the same but larger) [͵tɔrtəˋlinɪ]  常見

29. Ditalini (tiney Thimbles)

30. Rigatoni [͵rɪgəˋtonɪ]  常見

31. Vermicelli [vɝməˋsɛlɪ]  常見

32. Cavatelli

33. Fettuccine [fɛtuˋtʃinɪ]  很常見

34. Nested Vermicelli (Nested Spaghetti)

 

下面是類似的有不同種類的圖片跟文字

http://www.21food.com/products/pasta-(macaroni-spaghetti)-181712.html

 

 

下面這個很好玩,是義大利的官方之類推廣義大利麵吧,有個family tree,義大利麵族譜,

http://www.charmingitaly.com/different-types-of-pasta/

 

 

再來是有中英文的義大利麵的菜單的網頁

http://taipei.foodmap.com.tw/menu/gogo_pasta_menu.html

 

 

 

再來是下面那個只有英文的義大利麵菜單的網頁,從人家網頁借來的,一定要放個出處

http://www.oneofakindpasta.com/lunchmenu/pasta.asp

 

 

下面菜單的google docs的連結。  累了,改天有空再把幾個非常常見的麵的中英對照寫一下 。

 

啊,下面就是菜單了,同學可以看看下面菜單看懂了幾個,呵呵呵。晚安

Lunch Pasta Menu

1.7.95
Al Pomodore Linguine with Fresh Basil, Garlic Tomato Sauce

2.7.95
Spaghettini Bolognaise with Fresh Herbs in a red Wine Meat Sauce

3.7.95
Linguine Vongole Baby Clams with Garlic Onions and Basil in a Tomato Sauce or White Cream Sauce

4.7.95
Penne Pesto with Fresh Basil, Garlic, Pine Nuts, Parmesan Cheese and Olive Oil

5.7.95
Fettuccine Alfredo Fettuccine tossed in a Light Cream Sauce and Parmesan Cheese

6.8.95
Sundried Linguine served with Sundried Tomatoes, Pine Nuts, Shrimps, Mushrooms, Onions, Broccoli, Basil, Garlic and Olive Oil

7.8.95
Tortellini Cheese Tortellini with Seasonal Vegetables in a White Cream Sauce

8.8.95
Ravioli Meat Ravioli with Red & Green Peppers, Onions and Tomatoes in a Curry Sauce

9.8.95
Penne Calamari Grilled Calamari with Sundried Tomatoes, Green Onions, Mushrooms and Asparagus in a Cream Sauce

  1. 8.95
Tri-colour Fusilli Sweet Italian Sausages and Seasonal Vegetables in a Spicy Tomato Sauce
  2. 8.95
Fettuccine Prima Vera Seasonal Vegetables in a White Cream Sauce or Basil Tomato Sauce
  3. 8.95
Rigatoni Pecorino with bacon, Spinach, Red Onions, Fresh Herbs and Pecorino Cheese
  4. 9.95
Penne Rose with Chicken, Shrimps and Seasonal Vegetables in a Rose Sauce
  5. 9.95
Marco Polo penne with Sweet Italian Sausage, Chicken with Green Peppers, Onions and Mushrooms in a Spicy Tomato Sauce
  6. 9.95
Al Salmone Linguine with Smoked Salmon tossed in a Light Cream Sauce with Dill, Mushrooms, Tomatoes and Lemon Juice
  7. 9.95
Pink Lady Capellini with Atlantic Salmon and Shrimps, Mushrooms, Asparagus in a Pink Peppercorn Tomato Cream Sauce

17.11.95
King Cod Duck Rigatoni with Smoked Duck Breast, Mushrooms, Spinach, Tomatoes and Leek in a Red Wine Sauce

18.11.95
Seafood Spaghettini with Shrimps, Calamari and Mussels in a White Wine Cream Sauce

19.11.95
Fettuccine Marinara Shrimps, Calamari, and Mussels in a lightly Spiced Tomato Sauce

20.12.95
Bianco & Nero Zebra Linguine Pasta with Mixed Seafood, Exotic Mushrooms in a Brandy Lobster Sauce

21.14.95
Shrimps Newburg Sauteed Tiger Shrimps and Seasonal Vegetables in a Newburg Sauce served with Basil Linguine Pasta

22.11.95
Indigo Squid Ink Linguine with grilled Calamari, Ham, Shitake Mushrooms and Snow Peas in a White Wine Cream Sauce

23.11.95
Hot & Smokey Spicy Jalapeno Linguine with Smoked Duck, Bacon, Red Onion, Leek and Mushroom in a Tomato Red Wine Sauce

24.11.95
Duet Jalapeno Linguine and Basil Linguine with Sweet Italian Sausage, Chicken, Red Pepper, Broccoli and Onion in a Spicy Tomato Sauce

25.11.95
Black Curry Squid Ink Linguine with Chicken, Shrimp, Assorted Vegetables in a Curry Sauce

26.10.95
Meat Lover Meat Ravioli with Fresh Herbs and Red Wine Meat Sauce

27.10.95
Funghi Creamy Mushroom Sauce with Cheese Tortellini

28.9.95
Milanese Spaghettini with Spicy Tomato Sauce topped with Pork Cutlet

29.9.95
Veal Provencal Veal with Provencal Sauce served with 3 Colour Fussilli

30.9.95
AntiPasto Pasta Grilled Assorted Vegetables over your choice of Pasta

Please advise of any preferences or allergies. 10% Discount applies to all take-out cash orders on pickup-up only. All prices are subject to change.

HOUSE

SPECIALS

Curry

Served with Rice

&

Seasonal Vegetables

with choice of

Seafood, Shrimps

or

Beef

11.95

Chicken or Veal

9.95

Stirfry

served with Linguine

&

Seasonal Vegetables

with choice of

Seafood, Shrimps

or

Beef

11.95

Chicken or Veal

9.95

One of a Kind Pasta

Chicken, Duck,

Shrimps,

Sweet Italian Sausage,

with Onion,

Mushrooms,

Broccoli, Red and

Red Pepper in an

Garlic Basil

Olive Oil

Served with Capellini

12.95

 

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise 052212

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?          Jess     P.1

jessielinhuiching.wordpress.com

課程主題運動,健身活動,習慣 句型重點頻率副詞,how問句

A. Hobbies and Interests

  1. Are you interested in sports?

Yes, I am. I play basketball and badminton in my free time.

My favorite athlete is Jeremy Lin.

  1. Are you into the Internet?

Of course. I spend two or three hours on computer every night.

I write a blog, download music, play games, and chat with friends online.

  1. Are you good at cooking?

I wouldn’t say so. My mom is a good cook and she always cooks for us. I can only cook simple meals like instant noodles or fried rice.

  1. Do you enjoy reading novels?

Not really. I fall asleep whenever I read. I only read magazines.

  1. Do you want to learn a new skill or hobby?

Yes, I want to learn to play the piano.

 

B. How to ask follow up questions:

1. A: Do you play sports on the weekend?

B: Yes, I do.                       B: No, I don’t.

A: What sports do you play?        A: What do you do on the weekend?

 

2. A: Do you watch sports on TV?

B: Yes, I do.                       B: No, I don’t.

A: What sports do you ______?    A: What do you _________ on TV?

 

3. A: Do you exercise in the morning?

B: Yes, I do.                       B: No, I don’t.

A: What _____________?        A: When __________________?

 

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?          Jess     P.2

 

C. Sports and Activities 運動與活動

1. aerobics [ε’robɪks]  有氧運動 2. badminton [‘bædmɪntən] 羽毛球

3. baseball 棒球 4. basketball 籃球  5. bicycling 騎腳踏車 6. diving 潛水

7. football 美式足球 8. golf 高爾夫  9. gymnastics [dʒɪm’næstɪks]  體操

10. hiking 健行  11. hockey  曲棍球 12. in-line skating 直排輪

13. jogging 慢跑  14. karate [kəˋrɑtɪ] 空手道 15. rock climbing 攀岩

16. rugby [‘rʌgbɪ] 橄欖球  17. ski 滑雪  18. soccer 足球 19. softball 壘球

20. stretch 伸展  21. surfing 衝浪 22. swim 游泳

23. table tennis/ping-pong 桌球/乒乓 24. taekwondo [taɪˋkɔndo] 跆拳道

25. tennis 網球  26. treadmill  跑步機 27. volleyball 排球

28. walk 走路  29. weight training  重量訓練  30. yoga 瑜珈

play + sports do + exercise go + V-ing V1

A: What do I do every day? (mime a sport or activity)

B: You do karate every day.

A: That’s right. Would you like to do karate with me sometime?

B: Sure. I’d love to. / No, thanks. I’m a couch potato.

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?        Jess       P.3

D. Frequency Adverbs 頻率副詞

 

How often do you exercise?

always                               100%

almost always

usually

often                                75%

I   sometimes       exercise.

seldom                               25%

rarely                                10%

hardly ever

almost never

never                                  0%

I exercise every morning/afternoon/night/day/week/month/year.

I exercise once/twice/three times/four times a week.

every other day/week/month, Monday

three times every day/two weeks, three months, five years

S + F.A. + V.    She rarely comes to class late.

S + Be + F.A.    She is rarely late for class.

Questions Name/Answer
  1. How often do you eat out?
  1. How often do you cut your fingernails?
  1. How often are you late for work or school?
  1. How often do you sing at a KTV?
  1. How often do you clean your room?
  1. How often do you get your hair cut?
  1. Do you ever post comments online?
  1. Do you ever play games online?
  1. Do you ever use your cell phone in class?
  1.  Do you ever download movies?

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?          Jess     P.4

E. How well and How good

well 跟 good 的中文都是好,但是在英文中,well 是副詞,用來修飾動詞,good是形容詞,用來修飾名詞。所以不同句型的問法要有不同的回答。

How well do you play Mahjong?        How good are you at Mahjong?

I play Mahjong pretty well.            I’m very good at Mahjong.

I play Mahjong well.                   I’m good at Mahjong.

About average                        O.K.

I don’t play Mahjong well.              I’m not very good at Mahjong.

I play Mahjong badly.                  I’m bad at Mahjong.

I can’t play Mahjong at all.             I can’t play Mahjong at all.

E. Questions with How

  1. How good are you at Chinese?  I’m pretty good at Chinese.
  2. How good are you at lying?     I’m not a very good liar.
  3. How good are you at dancing? I’m bad at dancing. I have two left feet.
  4. How good are you at sports? I can’t play any sports.
  5. How good are you at math? Just O.K. It’s very difficult and boring.
  6. How well do you sing? I sing very well.
  7. How well do you speak English? About average. I have to practice more.
  8. How well do you use a computer? I use a computer pretty well. I use it at work.
  9. How well do you play Mahjong?  I play Mahjong poorly. I never win.
  10. How well do you cook? I don’t cook well. I only cook some simple dishes.
  11. How long do you spend in front of TV every day?

I watch TV one or two hours after work. On the weekend, I spend all day watching TV if I don’t go out.

  1. How long do you surf on the Net every week? I spend at least 10 hours.
  2. How long do you exercise every week?    It depends. I usually go to the gym twice a week but I don’t do any exercise when I’m really busy.
  3. How long do you sleep every night?   I sleep for 6 or 7 hours every night.
  4. How long is your lunch break?    It’s one and a half hours, from 12.00 to 1.30.
  5. How often do you get your hair cut? I get a hair cut every two months.
  6. How often do you do laundry? I do laundry twice a week.
  7. How often do you eat out?  I eat out almost every day.
  8. How often do you buy clothes?  I buy clothes when there’s a big sale.

20. How often do you clean your room?  I never clean my room. My mom does that for me.

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?          Jess     P.5

F. Listening

Tactics for Listening Unit 7 Sports and Exercise

3. Let’s Listen (page 27)

Task 1

Which sports or activities is the person talking about? Listen and circle

the correct answer.

1. a. swimming            b. going to the gym       c. jogging

2. a. playing volleyball     b. playing golf            c. playing soccer

3. a. playing baseball      b. playing football        c. playing tennis

4. a. playing tennis        b. watching TV           c. reading

5. a. swimming            b. jogging                c. windsurfing

6. a. diving               b. riding a bicycle         c. walking

Task 2

Listen again. What do you think each person says next? Circle the correct answer.

  1. a. Yes, about three times a week.

b. Yeah, I’m getting lazy.

c. Yeah, I’m tired.

  1. a. Yeah, I’m very busy.

b. Yeah, I’d love to.

c. Yeah, you’re right.

  1. a. Volleyball is tiring.

b. Volleyball. It’s my favorite.

c. Tennis is expensive.

  1. a. I know, but I’m crazy.

b. No, thanks. I’m tired.

c. Yeah, reading is fun.

  1. a. It’s too hot.

b. I enjoy skiing.

c. I don’t like the cold.

  1. a. In the car.

b. In the morning.

c. In the park.

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?          Jess     P.6

F. Listening    3. Let’s Listen (page 27)

1.

A: Your muscles are so big, Dave. What do you do to get them so big?

B: Well, I go to the gym every day after work, and on Saturdays, too. I love

it. Do you work out?

2.

A: Do you play a lot of sports?

B: Yes, I do.

A: Do you like volleyball?

B: Yeah, I play volleyball during the week.

A: Want to paly with me and my friends tonight?

3.

A: You’re in good shape, Ken. Do you play a lot of sports?

B: Yes, I do. I love sports. I play volleyball on Thursday nights, and on Saturdays and Sundays I play tennis.

A: Which one do you like the best?

4.

A: Do you like playing sports?

B: Nah, not really. I don’t like exercising at all. But I do watch a lot of

baseball on TV!

A: You really should get some exercise.

5.

A: What kind of sports do you play?

B: Let’s see. Well, in the summer I enjoy windsurfing. But I don’t do

anything in the winter.

A: Why not?

6.

A: So, do you get any exercise?

B: Well, not much. I don’t have a lot of free time, but about once a week I

walk for an hour.

A: Oh. Where do you walk?

E4A L6 Unit 6 How often do you exercise?          Jess     P.7

 

G. Useful Expressions

  1. Look over there! 看那兒!

A: Look over there! I think there is a fire.

B: I hope that nobody is hurt.

  1.  No way! Absolutely out of the question! 不行;絕不可能

A: Dad, can I have a party in our house?

B: No way! (Absolutely out of the question!)

  1.  Leave me alone. 別煩我

A: Cheer up and go having some fun.

B: Just leave me alone.

  1.  Who is it? 誰呀?

A: Who is it?

B: It’s me. Open the door.

  1.  It’s terrible.  糟透了

A: How was the movie?

B: It was terrible.

  1.  Wait for me.  等等我

A: We are going to leave now!

B: Hey! Wait for me!

  1.  I know what you mean.  我知道你的意思.

A: Do you understand me?

B: I know what you mean.

  1.  Can’t help  克制不了;沒辦法控制

A: Can you stop laughing?

B: I can’t help myself.

  1.  Let me tell you…  讓我告訴你……

A: I don’t know how to get to the station.

B: Let me tell you the way.

  1.  Drop in sometime!  有空來坐坐

A: Bye! See you next time.

B: Remember to drop in sometime.

C. Sports and Activities

答案

play + sports do + exercise go + V-ing V1
play badminton do aerobics go bicycling ski
play baseball do gymnastics go diving stretch
play basket do karate go hiking swim
play football do taekwondo go in-line skating run on a treadmill
play golf do weight training go jogging walk
play hockey do yoga go rock climbing
play rugby go surfing
play soccer
play softball
play table tennis
play tennis
play volleyball

 

上不下去了!

寫在前面:不知為何潔西學法文的心得常被搜索到,有點對不起師大的感覺…有點心虛,因為相信師大一定還是有很好的老師把課上得很不錯,潔西當初去就是上得很開心的朋友介紹,不過他程度很好,而且只是很可惜,潔西沒遇到很好的經驗,這是很個人的真實體驗,因為最近有人同樣有不太好的經驗的人留言,提醒一下,因為大概每間補習班都會有適合不適合自己的上法還有老師,所以呢最好在上課前多看多比較多找資料,不樣像潔西後來就等於把錢丟到水裡了就沒上了,,但是潔西的經驗不代表所有的課程,並不是他們一定不好,看是不是適合自己需求。(2016/9/24)

 

潔西今天真的忍不住這樣跟法文老師這麼說,再這樣上,我真的上不下去了!上星期五的最後半個小時講數字,1-100。每個人輪流從1,2,3一個人念一個數字念到一百。今天復習還是一樣的方式,然後講千,百萬,十億。非常恐怖的大數字。講了一個小時,最後讓同學分三組上去寫三個數字,阿拉伯數字在上面,我們要拼出來,不能看書喔。然後我那個老師寫了個0,49,這什麼啊?什麼數字,不懂。剛剛老師在講的時候說了這個字,999,99 。什麼?法文有這種怪數字,然後老師舉例:Marie, elle est francais. ,念作virgule。Marie, she is French. 的意思,所以那應該是逗號,同位格吧,我猜。上去,我真的不懂什麼是0,49。只會寫quarante-neuf,49,而且還拼錯,後來老師說前面要寫zero virgule quarante-neuf,阿,原來是0.49。哇勒。長這麼大,第一次知道,原來數字不是統一用0.49,有人用0,49,大開眼界,難怪法文那一堆長長的數字都沒有用逗號分開。我覺得這個重點老師居然沒說出來。還是我笨,理解力差?

 

上了一個小時的數字,耐心全失,最後老師總算有教了How much is it? It’s 200 dollars.之類的用法。問問同學的東西多少錢。跟我一樣,常常問到好幾個都是禮物,呵呵。第二小時上un, une, les, la, le, l’, les,就是陽性的a,陰性的a, 複數前要加les。特定,相當於the,也分陽性陰性跟複數。上次有說過,今天上了一節課,又一小時。It’s killing me. Really! 潔西的臉越拉越長,不時地看著外面的藍天白雲。所以下了課潔西還是忍不住跑去問老師,接下來的課都會是上文法嗎?老師說,是,因為一級二級文法很重要,到了後面高級數像14級自然會有很多說的機會,因為懂得很多。但是前面要一定要先弄清楚文法才會說得出來。而且老師說潔西因為是英文老師,所以今天講的這個可能我都知道,但是其他同學還是不知道。

 

潔西忍不住問法文老師(他是法國人)說那你學中文應該也不是文法都學會了才開始說吧?法文老師說那是因為中文文法很簡單,法文文法很難。不會吧,我說我也教中文,教中文的時候我也覺得中文文法很難,你教法文所以覺得法文文法很難吧!這位老師的觀念是覺得不把文法學會就沒法說法文的樣子。他覺得中文是難在寫字,那一堆字,每天要寫很多。我說我也教非常基礎的學生,還是有很多機會可以說啊,不一定要等到文法都學會才會說啊。老師說,那是因為台灣學生很多都常常聽到英文,都有些基礎了。那不一樣。

 

怎麼不一樣?厚,潔西實在很想跟他說,你今天上的課,假如是教數字,我也可以帶很多活動讓同學有很多說的機會,玩賓果,猜數字,我講十個數字讓我的同學寫出來,我的同學講十個數字讓我寫出來,再來對答案,玩心臟病等等等。可以練習到很多說的機會,而不是大部分只聽老師說,雖然也有給我們一點說的時間。再來上陰性陽性跟複數。我大概會叫同學每個人拿出一樣東西,教同學這些東西怎麼用法文說,然後可以互相練習,這是什麼,記住生活單字,又學到文法。定冠詞也可以再延伸。還可以把數字跟冠詞結合在一起,拿出一樣東西問同學,這個東西多少錢,等等。同學間可以有很多的練習,增加很多口說的機會。厚,但是我怎麼可能說出來。他有他的教法,再不喜歡,我也不可能告訴他怎麼教,啊,我突然覺得我可以去當teacher trainer,訓練老師怎麼多給學生機會練習口說。

 

文法我可以自己在家看,就是要練習才要去上課啊,我的想法是這樣,學了文法就是要運用,而且很多東西光背也沒用,看過就忘,就是要跟生活結合,多練習才記得起來。為什麼時代這麼進步,每樣科技發達成這樣,教學法還停留在遠古時代,啊!!!!!潔西真的很捉狂。老師說這級應該還是會都上文法,潔西也很直接地說,這樣我實在上不下去了。我無奈,他也無奈吧!一早要起床就算了,但是要有動力啊,坐一個小時的車去師大,再坐一個小時的車回來,只為了上兩個小時的課,而且潔西不是閒閒沒事的貴婦。雖然學法文是學好玩的,但是平常生活也忙到不可開交,假如這樣還要上下去嗎?而且是我覺得我坐不下去,頻頻看怎麼還沒下課。當然老師會補充一些東西,但是從頭到尾幾乎都是老師一直不斷地上文法,補充一堆單字,數字教到那樣困難複雜,目前也用不到,也是會忘掉。當然上過課會有點印象,老師沒有打混摸魚,沒有聊天,上課有認真的在講文法,舉不少例子,不過這樣的上法讓我覺得,啊,一點去上課的動力都沒,還不如在家自己看。是不是要自己念到級數高一點去才有練習說的機會呢?

 

雖然期望本來就不大,但今天失望實在太大,所以雖然昨天才說抱怨可以一句起,三句止,今天卻又忍不住長篇大論抱怨起來了,啊!!!決定寫信去師大問一下他們主任他們的上法究竟是什麼?秘書說聽說讀寫都有,但是完全沒感受到。而且兩個老師都是要同學輪流一個個唸,似乎這就是他們所謂練習說的方式。有沒有一些師訓啊?有沒有在意究竟同學能當中學到多少啊?讓他們找個秘書進來坐兩三個小時看看吧!

 

唉,為什麼其他同學都沒問題,大家是都沒上過語言課,覺得這樣的上法很好嗎?還是從前在學校上課老師都這樣所以很習慣?啊!!!!!!!!!我真的要求有那麼多嗎?問題學生,我自己承認,還要不要繼續去上呢?真的覺得上不下去了,因為覺得去上課好像在浪費我的時間,而且最主要是我上課的時候不開心,回來也不開心,大受影響,剛剛想備課整理都沒有心情,心情惡劣,寫寫抒發一下。雖然怎麼樣應該都還是能學到東西,但是上個法文課弄得自己心情不好,何必呢?再來上個幾堂,還是這樣就算了吧!唉!工作去!

 

最後老師也很可憐,教到我這麼機車的學生,直接去跟老師說,我上不下去了,呵呵。先前那個老師在我轉班後一定鬆了口氣吧。現在這個老師,唉,不行的話也就算了。不要再為難老師了。上課要開心,不然學不會的啦。

助動詞二 慾望,可能性,忠告,必須性

睡不著,寫寫講義。上次寫過的助動詞,這是二,也是從Grammar Express Basic這本書整理出來的。因為這個星期還是很忙,明天跟後天有做不完的一堆事,下星期就會好很多,因為好幾個課結束了。其實文法的東西真的是要做很多的例子,多觀察,才會容易懂,而且可以運用。可惜沒時間,大家要多看多寫多用。加油。真的要睡覺去了!

 

Grammar Express Basic 助動詞                                      Jessie Lin  P.5

E. Desires慾望: Would like, Would rather

1. S + would like + N / S + would like + to V1 可表達想要某樣東西或做某動作。

would like 相當於want,比較客氣。would 是助動詞,用來改否定跟造問句。

I’d like some cake. / I’d like to have some cake.

A: Would you like more coffee?

B: No, thanks. We’d like to have the check, please.

S + like: 表示喜歡,助動詞為do/does

I like coffee. / He doesn’t like coffee. / Do you like coffee?

S + would like: 表示想要,助動詞為would

I’d like coffee. / Would you like some coffee?

 

2. S + would rather + V1 表示寧可要某樣東西而不想要另外一樣東西。否定的時候用 S + would rather not + V1 ,用來表示禮貌性的拒絕。

Would you rather eat at home or eat out? I’d rather eat at home.

Would you like cake?  Thanks, but I’d rather have pie.

Would you like another piece of pie?  Thanks, but I’d rather not.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grammar Express Basic 助動詞                                      Jessie Lin  P.6

F. Possibility可能性:May, Might, Could

1. S + may/might/could + V1 可用來表示未來可能發生的事

It may snow tomorrow. There’s a 60 % chance.

I might leave work early. I’ll decide tomorrow.

Schools could close. They usually close for heavy snow.

 

2. S + may not / might not + V1 用來表示未來可能不會發生的事

I may not pass the quiz. I didn’t study.

Don’t worry. It might not be hard.

 

3. S + could not + V1 用來表示未來不可能會發生的事

It couldn’t be hard. (It won’t be hard. That’s not possible.)

 

  1. Be + S + going to + V1 ? / Will + S + V1? 當對於未來可能性造疑問問句時用be going to 或will,而不用may, might, could 來造問句。

Are you going to watch TV tonight?

Will you be home tonight?

 

  1. 當用may (not), might (not), could 在簡答時,表示不確定,但有可能性。在回答的時候通常不用Yes或No來回答。

Will it snow tomorrow?

It may. There’s a 60% chance of snow. (It’s possible that it will snow.)

It may not. There’s only a 20 % chance. (It’s possible that it won’t snow.)

It might not.

  1. maybe 跟may be 的區別:

maybe 是個副詞,表達可能性。常放在句首,句尾。

may be則用在表達可能性的句子,沒有一般動詞,有be 加上形容詞,介系詞片語等。

Maybe I will stay home tonight. / I may be home tonight.

Maybe it will be sunny tomorrow. / It may be sunny tomorrow.

Grammar Express Basic 助動詞                                      Jessie Lin  P.7

G. Advice忠告: Should, Ought to

1. S + should / ought to  + V1 用來表示給予忠告advice。疑問句跟否定句多用should,不用ought to 來造否定句或疑問句。

It’s late. Would should leave soon. / We ought to leave soon.

We shouldn’t stay late.

Should I wear a suit?  Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.

What should I do?

2. 在給予忠告的時候常用maybe或I think 顯得比較有禮貌。

Maybe you should arrive a little earlier.

I think he should smile a little more.

 

H. Necessity必須性: Have to, Must, Don’t have to, Must not

1. S + have to / must + V1 用來表示某件事是必須的。must的語氣表較強烈,可能是老師或家長對學生或小孩子。第三人稱單數用has to。

Men have to wear suits in my office. It’s a rule.

Tom must wear a uniform to school.

You must do your homework.

2. S + don’t have to + V1 表示某件事是不必要的。是有選擇性的。

Men don’t have to wear suits in our office. Why does Tom wear one?

He likes suits.

You don’t have to finish this now. You can give it to me tomorrow.

3. S + must not + V1 表示某件事是違反規則的,不可以做。沒有選擇性的。在口語的時候常用 S + can’t + V1。

Students must not leave the building during school hours.

Students can’t leave the building.

You must not enter the room without wearing a mask.

 

雨中游泳真過癮

今天在雨中游泳,游了很久很久沒有游到過的一千公尺,耶!但是今天中午吃勁辣雞腿堡套餐,晚上吃火鍋,減重是遙遙無望,游健康跟游心安的,呵呵。潔西只會遊仰式,所以雨狂大的時候還要休息一下,因為雨水都打到鼻孔裡,呵呵,因為下雨的關係,所以游戶外池的人沒那麼多,所以可以游的很開心,有段期間只有我一個人在外面游泳。到最後兩趟的時候,來了對莫名其妙的情侶。旁邊好幾個水道,明明看到人家在游泳,偏偏要來湊熱鬧,而且呢男生似乎在教女生游泳,女生又不夠高,然後呢男生把女生抱著,女生頻頻尖叫。厚。看來起碼二三十歲了,叫的比小孩還誇張。還好我剛好游完閃人。

 

小孩子超多的,我家小朋友去玩滑水道,小的跟中的,玩到不想回家,我游完覺得很舒服,很久沒有耐心跟毅力游那麼久,因為我游仰式,大概要游一個小時左右。想到那天聽誰說一個星期游泳游三次,但還是沒瘦下來,忘了問游多久,我想這跟游泳的時間跟飲食大大有關吧。像我這樣吃,應該很難瘦的,唉!

 

又換了新的版面,感覺字比較大。而且部落格的統計數字感覺也恢復正常。還是很累,每天都很累,明天一早要上難以期待的法文課。我自己跟同學說過,抱怨可以,不抱怨會得癌症,但是一句起,三句止。我說了好像不止啊,這樣不太好,呵呵。假如同學也來上我的課,上的不如意,不習慣,說了一堆,我看到的話應該也不會太開心,做人要將心比心。真的快瘋掉的話,我會再來發發牢騷的,呵呵。不過我說的是事實,但是呢不是好事的時候我都不會指名道姓,好事就可以,大大感謝慈馨幫我燒了光碟片,先前買的書,買到沒有光碟的,真好。星期五跟大學同學吃dim sum港式飲茶,見到同學真開心,然後呢另外一個要感謝的是惠芳同學,大大幫忙我訂票,那天拿給我電子機票,啊,突然有點真實感。呵呵。今天高中同學還打電話來找我九月去歐洲玩,恩,巴黎有個朋友,柏林也有個朋友,真是有點心動,不過呢,荷包應該會抗議,再來就沒課沒收入,啊!!!!!!!!先睡覺去,其它事慢慢想,明天希望不要又遲到了。大家晚安:)

墮落

改了呆呆的版面,因為簡單又有分類,又可以搜尋。找了一陣子沒有找到什麼太滿意了。累啊。今天也是很累,所以寫一下前兩天頭痛,星期四,因為星期三太累了吧。有兩個星期沒有頭痛了,應該是跟吃賀爾蒙有關吧,雖然一直有點要通,但是卻都沒有痛起來,一直到,星期四痛到不行,上完課完全不行,原本想去參加一個研習會後來就放棄啦。

 

今天又狂吃,明天要去游泳游個一千公尺,起碼,呵呵,應該游不動吧!減肥無望,只好墮落了:放棄穿不下的衣服褲子,買更大更寬鬆的衣服褲子。這真是條不歸路啊!Bon week-end. 大家週末愉快!

怪怪

這wordpress最近不知怎麼了。好像有點問題,瀏覽人數變很少就算了,分類也不見了,沒辦法找到特定類別。也沒辦法搜尋。先前有說要改版,但是,啊,大大暈倒。潔西在觀察看看,不知道是不是這個版面出問題,假如是的話,這兩天再來換版面。找不到東西的就過幾天在上來看看,歹思囉。先換個外觀試試看:)

助動詞 be/do/have

先前有放過,稍微改了一下而已。希望有清楚點 🙂 助動詞真的不是那麼容易。可能要花點時間消化

助動詞                                             Jessie Lin     P.1

A. 定義

什麼叫助動詞呢?顧名思義就是幫助動詞的詞。助動詞用來幫助動詞表達動作的時間(時態),或是說話的人的態度(情態)。也用來幫忙造問句,改否定。

He is studying.

He must study hard.

Where have you been?

You should not go out.

B. 類別: 助動詞可以分為兩類

1. 輔助助動詞 auxiliary verbs,只有三個 be, have, do ,用來表達時態,造問句,改否定。這三個本身都可以當動詞,也可以當助動詞,其中be與have後面的接續又跟一般助動詞不同所以比較容易混淆,須特別注意。

2. 情態助動詞 modal verbs,有can, could, had better, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would 用來表達說話者的態度,可能用在表達請求,建議,允許,可能性等不同情態。

 

C. 表達時態時一般動詞的變化有四種。

V1:動詞原型,如eat,work用在現在簡單式,但是第三人稱單數為主詞時,

會在原型動詞後加s。在不定詞to後面加V1,某些助動詞後面加V1。

V2:動詞過去式,如ate, worked只會用在過去式簡單式。

V3:動詞的過去分詞,如eaten,worked用在完成式或被動。過去分詞有時

也可以當形容詞用。

V-ing:動詞的現在分詞,也是動名詞,如eating,working用在進行式。現在

分詞有時也可當名詞或形容詞用。

 

 

 

 

助動詞                                                 Jessie Lin     P.2

D. 輔助助動 auxiliary verbs

1. be

a. be 當動詞

V1: be 本身是原型動詞,但是它的現在式為am, is, are。

V2:過去式為was were。V3: 過去分詞為been。V-ing現在分詞為being。

be為句子裡的主要動詞時,其後可以接名詞,形容詞,地點,時間,數字等。但是不會有另外一個動詞

句型為S + be + noun/adjective/preposition + place

現在簡單式  I am a teacher. / He is hungry. / My parents are at home.

過去簡單式 I was in Japan last month. / They were not busy yesterday.

未來式 I will be happy if you can join us. / She will be home soon.

現在完成式 He has never been to the United States.

現在進行式You’re being silly.

 

b. be當助動詞

be當助動詞時,是用來幫助後面的動詞形成特別的時態或語態,所以後面一定跟著別的動詞。用在進行式後面接現在分詞be + V-ing表進行,用在被動則接過去分詞be + V3表被動。

進行式 I am teaching English.

They were dancing and singing.

He will be waiting.

They have been running for two hours.

被動  The plant is watered every day.

Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.

be going to 是個片語,用來表達未來的計畫或預測。be在這兒也是當助動詞。

未來: We are going to attend her wedding.

助動詞                                                 Jessie Lin     P.3

2. do

a. do 當動詞

do 當動詞時有做的意思,也常常跟其他字結合成片語。do exercise 做運動, do laundry 洗衣服, do yoga做瑜伽, do the dishes洗碗盤

V1:do/does, V2: did, V3:done,V-ing: doing

現在簡單式 I hardly ever do my homework.

She does laundry twice a week.

過去簡單式 Tom did a good job.

Lisa did me a favor last week.

未來式 A hot bath will do you good.

現在完成式 You have not done anything wrong.

過去進行式 She was doing the dishes when the phone rang.

 

b. do 當助動詞

do 當助動詞時,用在現在簡單式跟過去簡單式中的否定句跟疑問句,後面一定接原型動詞V1,現在簡單式的第三人稱用does。

1. 現在簡單式: I don’t understand.  / Do you live with your family?

2. 過去簡單式: Vicky didn’t answer the phone. / How did that happen?

3. 表示強調:do/did + V1 可以用來表示強調該動作。

I do like you. / They did believe that story.

4. 代替前面說過的動詞:do/did也可以單獨使用,用來代替前面說過的動詞。

A: I want to speak English well.   B: So do I.

I did not like the food and neither did her.

 

 

助動詞整理                                              Jessie Lin     P.4

3. have

a. have當動詞有擁有,吃,得到某個疾病等意思,也常跟其他字結合成片語。如:have fun玩得開心, have a baby生小孩等。have是一個及物動詞,後面一定要接名詞。第三人稱單數用has。

V1: have/has, V2: had, V3: had, V-ing: having

現在簡單式 I have two brothers. / She has a house in Taipei.

過去簡單式 They had dinner together last weekend.

未來式 If you eat too much candy, you will have a toothache.

現在完成式 Have you ever had your own business?

現在進行式 I am having a good time.

 

have to 形成一個片語,是必須的意思,其後一定加動詞原型。

I have to go now.  /  Do you have to wear a uniform?

We will have to leave early tomorrow. / They had to walk home.

 

b. have當助動詞

have當助動詞時,後面接過去分詞V3,表完成式。接been V-ing表完成進行式。表否定時在have後加上not;造問句時把have移到主詞前即可。

現在完成式 I have lived in Taipei for 30 years.

過去完成式 The ticket had already sold out when we arrived.

現在完成進行式 She has been teaching English since 1999.

過去完成進行式 He had  been thinking about it for a long time.

 

另外had better 是一個助動詞,後面加原型動詞,表示應該的意思。

You had better watch out. You had better not cry.